A Preliminary Study of Bacterioplankton Community Structure in the Taiyangshan Wetland in Ningxia and Its Driving Factors

The Taiyangshan Wetland, a valuable wetland resource in the arid zone of central Ningxia, is critical for flood storage and drought resistance, climate regulation, and biodiversity protection. Nevertheless, the community structure and diversity of bacterioplankton in the Taiyangshan Wetland remains unclear. High-throughput sequencing was used to analyze the differences in bacterioplankton structure and major determinants in the Taiyangshan Wetland from April to October 2020. The composition and diversity of the bacterioplankton community varied significantly in different sampling periods but showed negligible differences across lake regions. Meanwhile, the relative abundances of bacterioplankton Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Chloroflexi, Tenericutes, Epsilonbacteraeota, and Patescibacteria were significantly different in different sampling periods, while the relative abundances of Cyanobacteria in different lake regions were quite different. Network analysis revealed that the topological attributes of co-occurrence pattern networks of bacterioplankton were high, and bacterioplankton community compositions were complicated in the month of July. A mantel test revealed that the bacterioplankton community in the entire wetland was affected by water temperature, electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen, salinity, total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, chemical oxygen demand, fluoride, and sulfate. The bacterioplankton community structure was affected by ten environmental parameters (e.g., water temperature, dissolved oxygen, salinity, and permanganate index) in April, while the bacterioplankton community was only related to 1~2 environmental parameters in July and October. The bacterioplankton community structure in Lake Region IV was related to seven environmental parameters, including dissolved oxygen, pH, total nitrogen, and chemical oxygen demand, whereas the bacterioplankton community structures in the other three lake regions were related to two environmental parameters. This study facilitates the understanding of the bacterioplankton community in wetlands in arid areas and provides references to the evaluation of aquatic ecological management of the Taiyangshan Wetland.