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Receptor-Mediated and Lectin-Like Activities of Carp (Cyprinus carpio) TNF-α
Receptor-Mediated and Lectin-Like Activities of Carp (Cyprinus carpio) TNF-α
- Source :
- The Journal of Immunology 183 (2009) 8, The Journal of Immunology, 183(8), 5319-5332
- Publication Year :
- 2009
- Publisher :
- The American Association of Immunologists, 2009.
-
Abstract
- Functional characterization of TNF- in species other than mammalian vertebrates is limited, and TNF- has been studied in a limited number of fish species, primarily in vitro using recombinant proteins. Studies on TNF- from different fish species so far pointed to several inconsistencies, in particular with respect to some receptor-mediated activities of fish TNF-, such as the ability to directly activate phagocytes. In the present study a comprehensive analysis of in vitro as well as in vivo biological activities of two isoforms of carp TNF- was performed. Our results show that carp TNF- directly primes carp phagocytes and indirectly promotes typical receptor-mediated activities such as phagocyte activation by acting via endothelial cells. Additionally, for the first time in nonmammalian vertebrate species, the lectin-like activity of fish TNF- homologs was investigated. Our results show an evolutionary conservation of function of this receptor-independent activity of TNF- not only in cyprinid fish, but also in perciform and salmonid fish. The role of TNF- in vivo, during infections of carp with the blood parasite Trypanoplasma borreli, was examined using three fundamentally different but complementary approaches: (1) inhibition of TNF- expression, (2) overexpression of TNF-, and (3) inhibition of shedding of membrane-bound TNF-. Our results show that, also in fish, a tight regulation of TNF- expression is important, since depletion or excess of TNF- can make an important difference to survival of infection. Finally, we demonstrate a crucial protective role for membrane-bound TNF-, which has a yet unexploited function in fish. The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked advertisement in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact
- Subjects :
- Phagocyte
Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors
Gene Expression
Biochemistry
oncorhynchus-mykiss
Cyprinus
Fish Diseases
Cell Movement
Lectins
Immunology and Allergy
Phagocytes
biology
salmon salmo-salar
Vertebrate
Recombinant Proteins
Up-Regulation
Cell biology
medicine.anatomical_structure
Carps
Phagocytosis
Molecular Sequence Data
Immunology
Biochemie
nitric-oxide
Celbiologie en Immunologie
trypanoplasma-borreli
Trypanosomiasis
In vivo
biology.animal
medicine
Animals
expression analysis
Amino Acid Sequence
Pentoxifylline
Carp
peripheral-blood lymphocytes
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
molecular-cloning
Endothelial Cells
biology.organism_classification
In vitro
rainbow-trout
Cell Biology and Immunology
WIAS
trypanosoma-brucei
tumor-necrosis-factor
Sequence Alignment
Function (biology)
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 15506606 and 00221767
- Volume :
- 183
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- The Journal of Immunology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....46390ba1aa49f2560b525e3122db9bf9
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.0901780