A novel KCND3 gain-of-function mutation associated with early-onset of persistent lone atrial fibrillation

Aims Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia, and early-onset lone AF has been linked to mutations in genes encoding ion channels. Mutations in the pore forming subunit KV4.3 leading to an increase in the transient outward potassium current ( I to) have previously been associated with the Brugada Syndrome. Here we aim to determine if mutations in KV4.3 or in the auxiliary subunit K+ Channel-Interacting Protein (KChIP) 2 are associated with early-onset lone AF. Methods and results Two hundred and nine unrelated early-onset lone AF patients (