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Thick soft tissue reconstruction on highly perfusive biodegradable scaffolds
- Source :
- Macromolecular bioscience. 10(2)
- Publication Year :
- 2009
-
Abstract
- The lack of a vascular network and poor perfusion is what mostly prevents three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds from being used in organ repair when reconstruction of thick tissues is needed. Highly-porous scaffolds made of poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) are prepared by directional thermally induced phase separation (dTIPS) starting from 1,4-dioxane/PLLA solutions. The influence of polymer concentration and temperature gradient, in terms of imposed intensity and direction, on pore size and distribution is studied by comparison with scaffolds prepared by isotropic TIPS. The processing parameters are optimized to achieve an overall porosity for the 3D scaffolds of about 93% with a degree of interconnectivity of 91%. The resulting pore network is characterized by the ordered repetition of closely packed dendrite-like cavities, each one showing stacks of 20 μm large side lamellar branches departing from 70 μm diameter vertical backbones, strongly resembling the vascular patterns. The in vitro biological responses after 1 and 2 weeks are evaluated from mesenchymal (bone marrow stromal) cells (MSC) static culturing. A novel vacuum-based deep-seeding method is set up to improve uniform cell penetration down to scaffold thicknesses of over 1mm. Biological screenings show significant 3D scaffold colonization even after 18 h, while cellular retention is observed up to 14 d in vitro (DIV). Pore architecture-driven cellular growth is accompanied by cell tendency to preserve their multi-potency towards differentiation. Confluent tissues as thick as 1mm were reconstructed taking advantage of the large perfusion enhanced by the highly porous microstructure of the engineered scaffolds, which could successfully serve for applications aimed at vascular nets and angiogenesis. © 2010 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.
- Subjects :
- Scaffold
Materials science
Settore MED/09 - Medicina Interna
Polymers and Plastics
Bioengineering
Nanotechnology
Biocompatible Materials
Interconnectivity
Biomaterials
Mice
Tissue engineering
Tensile Strength
Materials Testing
Materials Chemistry
Animals
Lamellar structure
Porosity
Cells, Cultured
chemistry.chemical_classification
Tissue Engineering
Tissue Scaffolds
Settore CHIM/07 - Fondamenti Chimici delle Tecnologie
Temperature
Biomaterial
Reproducibility of Results
Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Polymer
Microstructure
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Perfusion
Settore ING-IND/23 - Chimica Fisica Applicata
chemistry
Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
Biotechnology
Biomedical engineering
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 16165195
- Volume :
- 10
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Macromolecular bioscience
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....461f7913f85e9b147c5e7666c7c7c31c