Palladium-Catalyzed Carbonylations of Aryl Bromides using Paraformaldehyde: Synthesis of Aldehydes and Esters

Carbonylation reactions represent useful tools for organic synthesis. However, the necessity to use gaseous carbon monoxide is a disadvantage for most organic chemists. To solve this problem, novel protocols have been developed for conducting palladium-catalyzed reductive carbonylations of aryl bromides and alkoxycarbonylations using paraformaldehyde as an external CO source (CO gas free). Hence, aromatic aldehydes and esters were synthesized in moderate to good yields.