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Prevention and treatment of drug addiction by environmental enrichment
- Source :
- Progress in Neurobiology, Progress in Neurobiology, Elsevier, 2010, 92 (4), pp.572-92. ⟨10.1016/j.pneurobio.2010.08.002⟩
- Publication Year :
- 2010
- Publisher :
- HAL CCSD, 2010.
-
Abstract
- IF : 9,13; International audience; Environmental enrichment (EE) has been shown to have powerful beneficial effects on a variety of physiological and pathological processes. Accumulating evidence indicates that EE can mimic positive life experiences and prevent the development of drug addiction. More recently, EE has also been shown to eliminate already developed addiction-related behaviors and to reduce the risks of relapse. These preventive and "curative" effects of EE are associated with dramatic plastic changes in several brain areas such as the hippocampus, the frontal cortex and the striatum. EE alters neurotransmitter systems, produces changes in gene expression and transcription factors, induces chromatin rearrangement, and stimulates hippocampal neurogenesis. Here we review the existent literature on behavioral, neurochemical, cellular and molecular effects of EE and we discuss different possible ways in which EE-induced neuroadaptations result in decreased vulnerability to addiction and relapse. We propose a unified theoretical framework in which EE is seen as a functional opposite of stress. On the one hand, the antistress effects of EE would reduce the reinforcing effects of drugs and their ability to induce long-lasting neuroplastic changes and, thus, they would prevent the development of drug addiction. On the other hand, permanent or transient restoration of the normal, pre-drug functioning of the stress system would facilitate resisting prepotent desire to take drug and it would decrease the risks of relapse. This theoretical framework highlights the importance of stress in each phase of drug addiction and strongly suggests that life conditions of abstinent addicts should be considered as part of their treatment.
- Subjects :
- [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology
MESH: Conditioning, Operant
Self Administration
Synaptic Transmission
0302 clinical medicine
MESH: Biogenic Monoamines
MESH: Behavior, Animal
MESH: Animals
MESH: Neuronal Plasticity
media_common
0303 health sciences
Neuronal Plasticity
Behavior, Animal
[SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior
General Neuroscience
Allostasis
Brain
MESH: Transcription Factors
MESH: Motor Activity
3. Good health
Substance abuse
MESH: Substance-Related Disorders
medicine.symptom
Psychology
MESH: Self Administration
Substance-Related Disorders
media_common.quotation_subject
Environment
Motor Activity
Impulsivity
03 medical and health sciences
MESH: Brain
Neurochemical
Neuroplasticity
medicine
MESH: Synaptic Transmission
Animals
Humans
Biogenic Monoamines
MESH: Environment
Cognitive deficit
030304 developmental biology
Environmental enrichment
MESH: Humans
Addiction
medicine.disease
Disease Models, Animal
Conditioning, Operant
MESH: Disease Models, Animal
Neuroscience
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Transcription Factors
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 03010082
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Progress in Neurobiology, Progress in Neurobiology, Elsevier, 2010, 92 (4), pp.572-92. ⟨10.1016/j.pneurobio.2010.08.002⟩
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....450ed98546142617bc971422a85e8b50