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Signaling pathways underlying nitrogen-dependent changes in root system architecture: from model to crop species
- Source :
- Journal of Experimental Botany
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- Oxford University Press (OUP), 2020.
-
Abstract
- Genetic factors determine how local and systemic nitrogen signals shape root system architecture in higher plants.<br />Among all essential mineral elements, nitrogen (N) is required in the largest amounts and thus is often a limiting factor for plant growth. N is taken up by plant roots in the form of water-soluble nitrate, ammonium, and, depending on abundance, low-molecular weight organic N. In soils, the availability and composition of these N forms can vary over space and time, which exposes roots to various local N signals that regulate root system architecture in combination with systemic signals reflecting the N nutritional status of the shoot. Uncovering the molecular mechanisms underlying N-dependent signaling provides great potential to optimize root system architecture for the sake of higher N uptake efficiency in crop breeding. In this review, we summarize prominent signaling mechanisms and their underlying molecular players that derive from external N forms or the internal N nutritional status and modulate root development including root hair formation and gravitropism. We also compare the current state of knowledge of these pathways between Arabidopsis and graminaceous plant species.
- Subjects :
- 0106 biological sciences
0301 basic medicine
Limiting factor
nutrient efficiency
Nitrogen
Physiology
nitrate transporter
Gravitropism
Arabidopsis
Plant Science
Root hair
Plant Roots
01 natural sciences
lateral root development
03 medical and health sciences
chemistry.chemical_compound
Auxin
Abundance (ecology)
nitrogen signaling
Brassinosteroids
Botany
Ammonium
Review Papers
chemistry.chemical_classification
Nitrates
biology
AcademicSubjects/SCI01210
systemic signal
food and beverages
biology.organism_classification
Plant Breeding
root traits
030104 developmental biology
chemistry
Shoot
primary root development
local signal
auxin
010606 plant biology & botany
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 14602431 and 00220957
- Volume :
- 71
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of Experimental Botany
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....44e79a3ed1566445743845db804c5244