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Dengue seroprevalence, seroconversion and risk factors in Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Source :
- PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 11, Iss 3, p e0005475 (2017)
- Publication Year :
- 2016
-
Abstract
- Background Dengue virus (DENV) activity has been reported in Dhaka, Bangladesh since the early 1960s with the greatest burden of dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever cases observed in 2000. Since this time, the intensity of dengue activity has varied from year to year, and its determining factors remained relatively unknown. In light of such gaps in knowledge, the main objectives of this study were to determine the magnitude of seroprevalence and seroconversion among the surveyed population, and establish the individual/household level risk factors for the presence of DENV antibodies among all age groups of target populations in the city of Dhaka. Methodology/Principal findings Considering the lack of fine scale investigations on the factors driving dengue activity in Bangladesh, a prospective cohort study involving serological surveys was undertaken with participant interviews and blood donation across the city of Dhaka in 2012. Study participants were recruited from 12 of 90 wards and blood samples were collected during both the pre-monsoon (n = 1125) and post-monsoon (n = 600) seasons of 2012. The findings revealed that the seroprevalence in all pre-monsoon samples was 80.0% (900/1125) while the seropositivity in the pre-monsoon samples that had paired post-monsoon samples was 83.3% (503/600). Of the 97 paired samples that were negative at the pre-monsoon time point, 56 were positive at the post-monsoon time point. This resulted in a seroprevalence of 93.2% (559/600) among individuals tested during the post-monsoon period. Seroprevalence trended higher with age with children exhibiting a lower seropositivity as compared to adults. Results from this study also indicated that DENV strains were the only flaviviruses circulating in Dhaka in 2012. A multivariate analysis revealed that age, possession of indoor potted plants, and types of mosquito control measures were significant factors associated with DENV seroprevalence; while attendance in public/mass gatherings, and use of mosquito control measures were significantly associated with DENV seroconversion after adjusting for all other variables. Conclusions/Significance Our study suggests that there is a high level of endemic dengue virus circulation in the city of Dhaka which has resulted in significant DENV seroprevalence among its residents. Seropositivity increased with age, however, a substantial proportion of children are at risk for DENV infections. Our serological analysis also documents considerable DENV seroconversion among study participants which indicates that a large proportion of the population in the city of Dhaka were newly exposed to DENV during the study period (pre-and post-monsoon 2012). High levels of seroconversion suggest that there was an intense circulation of DENV in 2012 and this may have resulted in a significant risk for viral associated illness. Findings of our study further indicated that home-based interventions, such as removing indoor potted plants and increased bed net use, in addition to vector control measures in public parks, would reduce exposure to DENV and further decrease risk of viral associated disease.<br />Author summary Similar to many other tropical regions of the world, dengue is a major public health problem in Bangladesh where Aedes aegypti mosquitoes are the main vector. Through this serological survey, we present data on the magnitude (measured in proportions) of seroprevalence and seroconversion within 12 selected wards in the city of Dhaka, Bangladesh. In 2012 the observed dengue seroprevalence was 93% among individuals tested during post-monsoon with a seroconversion rate between pre- and post-monsoon periods of 57.7%. This finding suggests that dengue virus (DENV) circulated in the city during the observation period. Past exposure to dengue virus was highly associated with age, possession of indoor potted plants, types of mosquito control measures used, and human movement and attendance in mass gatherings, while the extent of dengue seroprevalence were not associated with the socioeconomic status of the study participants. Our findings suggest that household utilities and water management or storage practices and recognition and elimination of mosquito development sites and participation in mass gatherings are important factors that affect exposure to dengue. Intervention strategies should therefore target these factors for effective prevention and control of dengue infection.
- Subjects :
- Male
RNA viruses
Viral Diseases
Mosquito Control
Physiology
Prevalence
Dengue virus
medicine.disease_cause
Antibodies, Viral
Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
Biochemistry
Dengue fever
Dengue Fever
Dengue
Geographical Locations
0302 clinical medicine
Risk Factors
Seroepidemiologic Studies
Immune Physiology
Epidemiology
Medicine and Health Sciences
030212 general & internal medicine
Prospective Studies
Enzyme-Linked Immunoassays
Child
education.field_of_study
Bangladesh
Family Characteristics
Immune System Proteins
lcsh:Public aspects of medicine
Middle Aged
Infectious Diseases
Serology
Seroconversion
Medical Microbiology
Child, Preschool
Viral Pathogens
Viruses
Female
Pathogens
Risk assessment
Research Article
Neglected Tropical Diseases
Adult
medicine.medical_specialty
lcsh:Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine
Asia
Adolescent
Infectious Disease Control
lcsh:RC955-962
030231 tropical medicine
Population
Immunology
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
Research and Analysis Methods
Microbiology
Antibodies
03 medical and health sciences
Young Adult
Environmental health
medicine
Seroprevalence
Humans
education
Immunoassays
Microbial Pathogens
Aged
Flaviviruses
business.industry
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Organisms
Infant
Biology and Life Sciences
Proteins
lcsh:RA1-1270
Dengue Virus
medicine.disease
Tropical Diseases
Antibodies, Neutralizing
Logistic Models
Age Groups
Multivariate Analysis
People and Places
Immunologic Techniques
Population Groupings
business
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 19352735
- Volume :
- 11
- Issue :
- 3
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- PLoS neglected tropical diseases
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....43a507f2c41d97ac986744ae284cff25