Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Incidentally Discovered Cavernous Sinus Meningiomas: A Multi-institutional Study

Background The initial management of asymptomatic, incidentally discovered, cavernous sinus (CS) meningiomas remains incompletely defined. This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of stereotactic radiosurgery for patients presenting with an asymptomatic CS meningioma. Methods This is an international, retrospective study included patients treated with upfront SRS for an asymptomatic CS meningioma. Local tumor control, tumor and SRS-related complications, and the development of new neurologic deficits after SRS were evaluated. Results A total of 37 patients [29 males; mean age 55.05 years (SD±11.56)] treated with upfront SRS for an asymptomatic, CS meningioma were included in the study. The mean margin dose was 12.27 (SD±2.3) Gy. The median clinical and radiological follow-up periods were 66 (IQR 84) and 72 months (IQR 84), respectively. At the last follow-up, tumor regression and stability were noted in 19 (51.35%) and 18 (48.65%) of CS meningiomas, respectively. SRS-related complications occurred in 2 patients (5.4 %) and were managed conservatively. Conclusions Upfront SRS is a safe and effective treatment option for asymptomatic CS meningiomas. SRS may be considered at the time of initial diagnosis of a CS meningioma. If observation is the initial management chosen, SRS should be recommended when CS meningioma growth is documented on follow-up imaging.