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Does smoking reduction worsen mental health? A comparison of two observational approaches
- Source :
- BMJ Open, Taylor, G M J, Taylor, A E, Munafo, M R, McNeill, A & Aveyard, P 2015, ' Does smoking reduction worsen mental health? A comparison of two observational approaches ', BMJ Open, vol. 5, no. 5, e007812 . https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2015-007812, Taylor, G, Taylor, A, Munafò, M R, McNeill, A & Aveyard, P 2015, ' Does smoking reduction worsen mental health? A comparison of two observational approaches ', BMJ Open, vol. 5, no. 5, e007812 . https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2015-007812
- Publication Year :
- 2015
-
Abstract
- ObjectivesThe association between smoking reduction and mental health is of particular interest given that many smokers report that smoking offers mental health benefits. We aimed to assess the association between smoking reduction and change in mental health using two different analytical approaches to determine if there was any evidence of an association. There were no prior hypotheses.DesignA secondary analysis of prospective individual level patient data from 5 merged placebo-controlled randomised trials of nicotine replacement therapy for smoking reduction.ParticipantsAll participants were adult smokers, selected because they wanted to reduce but not stop smoking, and had smoked for at least 3 years. Participants were excluded if they were pregnant, breastfeeding, under psychiatric care, deemed to be unfit by a general practitioner, or part of a cessation programme. 2066 participants were enrolled in the trials, 177 participants were biologically validated as prolonged reducers, and 509 as continuing smokers at both 6-week and 18-week follow-ups.Primary outcomeChange in mental health from baseline to an 18-week follow-up was measured using the emotional well-being subscale on the Short Form Health Survey-36.ResultsAfter adjustment for confounding variables, the differences for reducers compared with continuing smokers were: regression modelling −0.6 (95% CI −4.4 to 3.2) and propensity score matching 1.1 (95% CI −2.0 to 4.1).ConclusionsSmoking reduction, sustained for at least 12 weeks, was not associated with change in mental health, suggesting that reducing smoking was no better or worse for mental health than continuing smoking. Clinicians offering smoking reduction as a route to quit can be confident that, on average, smoking reduction is not associated with negative change in mental health.
- Subjects :
- Male
Emotions
Breastfeeding
Brain and Behaviour
0302 clinical medicine
Epidemiology
030212 general & internal medicine
Nicotinic Agonists
Prospective Studies
Smoking Reduction
media_common
Medicine(all)
Tobacco and Alcohol
Smoking
General Medicine
Tobacco Use Disorder
Middle Aged
3. Good health
Substance Withdrawal Syndrome
Mental Health
Research Design
Female
Adult
medicine.medical_specialty
Nicotine
media_common.quotation_subject
03 medical and health sciences
SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being
Tobacco
medicine
Humans
Psychiatry
business.industry
Mood Disorders
Addiction
Research
Nicotine replacement therapy
Mental health
030227 psychiatry
Propensity score matching
Observational study
Smoking Cessation
business
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 20446055
- Volume :
- 5
- Issue :
- 5
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- BMJ open
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....409a260d4f84c4e9bfb589a73eea66b7