Back to Search
Start Over
Safety and Efficacy of Alemtuzumab Induction in Highly Sensitized Pediatric Renal Transplant Recipients
- Source :
- Transplantation
- Publication Year :
- 2016
-
Abstract
- BACKGROUND: Studies show that alemtuzumab, a potent lymphocyte-depleting agent, is well tolerated in pediatric renal transplantation. We report on the use of alemtuzumab induction in highly HLA sensitized (HS) pediatric kidney transplant patients. METHODS: Fifty pediatric renal transplants were performed from 1/2009-12/2014. 15 HS patients received IVIG (2 g/kg ×2 doses)/rituximab (375 mg/m(2) ×1) for desensitization with alemtuzumab induction (15-30 mg, 1 dose, subcutaneous), whereas 35 nonsensitized patients received anti–IL-2R. Graft survival and infections were compared between 2 groups. RESULTS: All HS patients had received a prior transplant and were older with lower risk for viral infections due to serostatus. Patient survival was 100%, and graft outcomes were similar with mean 1-year creatinine of 1.03 ± 0.45 versus 0.99 ± 0.6 (P = 0.48). Although a higher incidence of acute cellular rejection was seen in HS patients receiving alemtuzumab (P = 0.001), there was a nonsignificant difference in antibody-mediated rejection. White blood cell and absolute lymphocyte count were significantly lower in alemtuzumab group at 30 days (P < 0.0001) and at 1 year (P = 0.026 and P = 0.001), respectively. There was no significant difference in bacterial, viral, or fungal infections after transplant. CONCLUSIONS: Alemtuzumab induction with desensitization led to nearly equivalent graft survival and functional outcomes in HS pediatric patients as nonsensitized patients receiving anti–IL-2R induction. With this small sample size, we observed significant reduction of white blood cell and absolute lymphocyte count up to 1 year posttransplant. The risk of infection was comparable between the 2 groups; however, patients who received alemtuzumab were older and at lower risk of viral infection due to serostatus.
- Subjects :
- Oncology
Graft Rejection
Male
Time Factors
030232 urology & nephrology
Kaplan-Meier Estimate
030230 surgery
0302 clinical medicine
HLA Antigens
Isoantibodies
Risk Factors
Child
Alemtuzumab
Kidney transplantation
Graft Survival
Age Factors
Immunoglobulins, Intravenous
Original Clinical Science—General
surgical procedures, operative
Treatment Outcome
Histocompatibility
Monoclonal
Rituximab
Drug Therapy, Combination
Female
Immunosuppressive Agents
medicine.drug
medicine.medical_specialty
Adolescent
Opportunistic Infections
Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
Lymphocyte Depletion
03 medical and health sciences
Immunocompromised Host
Young Adult
Pharmacotherapy
Internal medicine
medicine
Humans
Lymphocyte Count
Retrospective Studies
Transplantation
business.industry
medicine.disease
Kidney Transplantation
Desensitization, Immunologic
business
Biomarkers
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 15346080
- Volume :
- 101
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Transplantation
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....402662793a11d4659ba9e1cf0b211ae5