Cormocephalus (Cormocephalus) guildingii Newport 1845

Cormocephalus (C.) guildingii Newport, 1845 Figs 2���31 Cormocephalus guildingi Newport, 1845: 425; Cormocephalus impressus Porat, 1876: 15; Cupipes microstoma Kohlrausch, 1878: 24; Otostigma cormocephalinum Pocock, 1888: 473; Cupipes impressus: Kraepelin, 1903: 181; Cupipes neglectus Chamberlin, 1914: 186; Cupipes guildingi: Chamberlin, 1918: 156; Cormocephalus bonaerius Attems, 1928: 287; Cormocephalus (C.) impressus: Attems, 1930: 104; Cormocephalus (C.) impressus var. neglectus: Attems, 1930: 104; Cormocephalus (C.) bonaerius: Attems 1930: 99; Cormocephalus bonaerius: B��cherl, 1939: 249; Cormocephalus (C.) bonaerius: B��cherl, 1941: 298; Cormocephalus (C.) impressus: B��cherl, 1941: 298; Cormocephalus (C.) impressus var. neglectus: B��cherl 1941: 299; Cormocephalus (C.) bonaerius: B��cherl, 1942: 125; Cormocephalus bonaerius: B��cherl, 1943: 22; Cormocephalus (C.) impressus impressus: B��cherl, 1943: 23; Cormocephalus (C.) impressus neglectus: B��cherl, 1950: 179; Cormocephalus (C.) impressus glabrus B��cherl, 1950: 179; Cormocephalus (C.) impressus peruanus B��cherl, 1953: 118; Cormocephalus (C.) impressus: Kraus, 1957: 380; Cormocephalus bonaerius: Kraus, 1957: 382; Cormocephalus impressus: Crabill, 1960: 171; Cormocephalus bonaerius: B��cherl, 1974: 100; Cormocephalus (C.) impressus: Schileyko, 2002: 497; Cormocephalus bonaerius: Schileyko & Stagl 2004: 106; Cormocephalus impressus: Cupul-Maga��a, 2009: 90; Cormocephalus impressus: Chagas-Jr et al., 2014: 139; Cormocephalus impressus: Cruz-Trujillo et al., 2015: 308; Cormocephalus impressus: Schileyko & Stoev, 2016: 274; Cormocephalus guildingi: Schileyko, 2018: 59; Cormocephalus guildingi: Schileyko et al., 2018: 559; Cormocephalus guildingi: Mart��nez-Mu��oz & Perez-Gelabert, 2018: 82; Cormocephalus guildingi: Iorio & Coulis, 2019: 18. Locus typicus: Saint Vincent Island, Lesser Antilles. Studied material. Holotype of C. guildingii (No MYRI-016-01 in OMNH), Figs 2���5 (digital photos examined by the first author; also figs 28���31 in Schleyko 2018). Holotype of C. impressus (= C. guildingii) (No 453 in GMNH), Figs 6, 7 (digital photos examined by the first author). Mexico (Figs 13, 14, 16���21), South of Jalisco State, Chamela Biological Research Station of UNAM, tropical deciduous forest at coastal plain, inside the epiphytic bromeliad genus Tillandsia L.: 1 ad. (spm 1, No EBCh-CHI-0001 in EBCh), 1 ad (spm 2, No EBCh-CHI-0002 in EBCh), 19��20���- 19��34���N, 104��58���- 105��04���W, 26.II.1989, col. E. Ram��rez; 1 ad. (spm 3, No EBCh-CHI-0003 in EBCh), 19��29���59.29���N, 105��02���36.86���W, 15.IX.2010, col. F. Cupul; 1 ad. (spm 4, No EBCh-CHI-0004 in EBCh), 19��29���56.30���N, 105��02���31.32���W, 15.IX.2012, col. F. Cupul. Jamaica (Figs 15, 22���27): 1 ad. (ca. 37 mm), Rc 7687, JBS 1, St. Catherine Parish, Caymanas area, hills north of Caymanas Estate, N slope, 4.7 road km from A1 at Ferry Town, 18��02.63���N, 076��53.86���W, alt. 40���60 m, 24.V. 1999, col. I.V. Muratov & G. Rosenberg; 1 sad. (ca. 27 mm), No Rc 7690, JBS 159, Clarendon Parish, Portland Ridge, Trail 27, primary forest, limestone, red soil, flat, 17��44.41���N, 077��08.69���W, alt. 80 m, 12.X.1999, col. I.V. Muratov & G. Rosenberg; 1 ad. (ca. 31 mm), Rc 7688, JBS 161, Clarendon Parish, Portland Ridge, by gun club gate, secondary forest and costal scrub, limestone, orange soil, 0���20��N slope, 17��45.33���N, 077��10.28���W, alt. 5���20 m, 12.X.1999, col. I.V. Muratov & G. Rosenberg; 1 sad. (ca. 30 mm), Rc 7691, JBS 54, St. Thomas Paris, Pera, forested hillside near sugar cane plantation, 17��52.92���N, 076��17.56���W, alt. 0 m, 2.VI.1999, col. I.V. Muratov & G. Rosenberg; 2 ad. (ca. 32 mm), Rc 7689, JBS 85, St. Andrew Parish, Lucky Valley, around walls of abandoned estate, 2.0 road km N on E side of Mammee River, secondary forest, 17��58.57���N, 076��40.64���W, alt. 360 m, 25.IX.1999, col. I.V. Muratov & G. Rosenberg. Hispaniola (= Haiti) Island (Figs 28���31), Dominican Republic: 1 sad. (ca. 25 mm) Rc 7074, St. Cristobal [San Crist��bal Province], ���La Cueva��� Colonia, 97H6, alt. 550 m, 03.1997, col. I.V. Muratov & G. Robinson. Other personally examined material of C. guildingii. 1 ad. (CIRAD), Lesser Antilles, Martinique Island, Morne Aca, Le Marin, 22.11.2017, lat. 14.4614, long. -60.9002, alt. 213 m, col. Mathieu Coulis (Figs 8, 9, digital photos examined by the first author; also figs 1���3 on page 19 in Iorio & Coulis 2019) 1 (s)ad (ATESB), Lesser Antilles, Guadeloupe island group, La D��sirade Island about 8 km off the eastern end of Guadeloupe Island, сol. Karl Questel (Figs 10���12, digital photos examined by the first author). Type series of C. bonaerius Attems, 1928 (= C. guildingii synonymy by Schileyko 2018): 1 ad. lectotype (designated by Schileyko & Stagl 2004) + 1 sad. paralectotype (No 919 in NHMW), 10 sad. paralectotypes (No 921 in NHMW), Lesser Antilles, Bonnaire Island near Cura��ao, leg. & don. A. Gabriel (all specimens personally examined by the first author, see pp. 106���109 and figs 22���25 in Schileyko & Stagl 2004). Composite diagnosis of C. guildingii. Maximal body length 46.5 mm, color of live specimens from yellow to dark brownish (head and both body ends visibly darker than middle portion of body and legs) with some purplish reflections on tergites (Figs 8, 9, fig. 1 at page 19 in Iorio & Coulis 2019); antennae pale blue (Fig. 9). Antennae of 17 (rarely 15���19) articles, 5���7 basal ones practically glabrous. Cephalic plate (Figs 10, 13, 22, fig. 22 in Schileyko & Stagl 2004) with shortened anteriorly (as long as 1/2���2/3 of cephalic plate) paramedian sutures, their posterior ends crossed by transverse suture; basal plates well-developed. Forcipular coxosternite (Figs 7, 11, 14, 23, 24, 29) with two complete (or slightly shortened posteriorly) longitudinal sutures which much converging anteriorly, meeting each other in a short semilunar suture plus complete (rarely somewhat shortened) transverse suture approximately at the level of condyles. Forcipular tooth-plate typically with 4 (Figs 4, 7, 11, 14, 23) (occasionally / abnormally with 3, Fig. 15) teeth, lateral one clearly isolated; their basal sutures form very obtuse angle or practically straight line. Tergite 1 with complete paramedian sutures (Fig. 13), tergite 21 in most cases with complete median suture (Figs 12, 21 and fig. 22 in Schileyko & Stagl 2004); number of laterally marginated posterior tergites (Fig. 21) varies from 4 to 10, but often only tergite 21 has this margination complete and definite. Sternites 2���20 with complete paramedian sutures (Fig. 16), presternites as paired triangles in sternites 1���20 (Figs 6, 15, 16, 23). Coxopleuron without welldeveloped process, its rounded median corner with 0���2 small apical spines (Figs 17, 18, 19, 26); coxal pore-field oval, slightly longer than sternite 21. Ultimate legs ���truly pincer-shaped��� (sensu Schileyko, Vahtera & Edgecombe 2020; Figs 5, 8, 9, 17, 21, 27, 31; fig. 25 in Schileyko & Stagl 2004); prefemur (Figs 12, 17, 20, 21, 25, 26, 27, 31) with 0���4 spines ventrally and ventro-laterally, 0���5 ones medially and ventro-medially plus 1���3 dorso-medially (of these, 1 or 2 at the position of corner spine, Figs 5, 12, 21, 25, 27, 30). Prefemur ventro-medially with spineless area bordered by very low U-shaped ridge (Figs 20, 26); prefemur, femur and tibia apically with dorso-medial longitudinal depression or sulcus (Figs 5, 21, 25); ventral surface of (at least) tarsus 1 swollen distally (Figs 5, 17, 27, fig. 25 in Schileyko & Stagl 2004); pretarsus enlarged, approximately twice as long as tarsus 2. Composite description of Mexican specimens (Figs 13, 14, 16���21). Length of body 35���46.5 mm. Color in ethanol: the whole body and legs light yellow, tergites 10���19 may be indistinctly marginated by accumulations of the small granules of pale grey pigment. Antennae composed of 15���17 cylindrical articles, reaching the middle of tergite 3 when reflexed. 6 or 7 basal articles practically glabrous with scattered long setae and the subsequent articles densely covered by short setae. Cephalic plate: oval, convex anteriorly and relatively narrow (considerably narrower than tergite 1, Fig. 13); its posterior margin with rounded corners, covered by tergite 1. Anteriorly incomplete paramedian sutures visibly diverge forwards, nearly as long as 2/3 of the cephalic plate (or slightly shorter); their posterior ends are crossed by a transverse suture forming well-developed basal plates (Fig. 13). Maxillae 2 with a well-developed dorsal brush. Pretarsus approximately as long as 1/4 length of article 3 of telopodite with a claw-shaped tip; accessory spines absent. Dorsal spur of telopodite article 2 not visible. Forcipular coxosternite (Fig. 14) with two complete longitudinal sutures, which much converging anteriorly and meet each other in a short semilunar suture, the latter encircling a minor coxosternal median diastema. Longitudinal sutures are crossed by a complete and branching transverse suture (Fig. 14); chitin-lines absent. Tooth-plates slightly higher than wide (or, less often, as long as wide), definitely narrowing anteriorly. Tooth-plate with 4 teeth (Fig. 14), the lateral tooth is the shortest one and is clearly isolated; two medial teeth are the longest ones and have a common base, being fused to a varying degree. A single minute seta in a small rounded depression directly under tooth margin. The basal sutures of the tooth-plates form a very obtuse angle (Fig. 14) or a practically straight line. Process of the trochanteroprefemur with apical and two medial tubercles, considerably longer than the tooth-plate (Fig. 14); this process is with a basal suture and a characteristic additional transverse suture just below the former. Tarsungulum of normal length, its interior surface with two sharp longitudinal ridges. Tergites: tergite 1 with complete (rarely shortened anteriorly) paramedian sutures (Fig. 13) which are practically parallel or slightly converging anteriorly. Tergites 2���20 with complete paramedian sutures, other tergal sutures absent. Tergites 11���20 with nearly complete (= slightly shortened posteriorly) definite lateral margination (Fig. 21), only tergite 21 is definitely and completely marginated. Tergite 21 (Fig. 21) with complete median suture, considerably (1.5 times) wider than long and slightly broadened towards the posterior margin; the latter convex apically. Sternites 2���20 with complete paramedian sutures. Sternite 21 (Figs 17���19) with a poorly-developed longitudinal median depression in its anterior half, trapeziform (somewhat longer than wide (spm 1, 2) or vice versa (spm 3, 4) and distinctly narrowed towards the slightly concave (spm 1, 2) or practically straight (spm 3, 4) posterior margin. Presternites (Figs 14, 16) are well-developed as paired triangles in sternites 1���20. Spiracles small, the first pair triangular and the others praсtically round. The spiracle atrium is tightly closed by the two (upper and lower) cuticular folds, so the inner portion of the atrium is not visible; the third (median) fold is very strongly reduced. Legs: pretarsus of legs 1���20 with two well-developed accessory spines. Ultimate LBS: coxopleuron visibly longer than sternite 21, with a rounded median corner at the position of the coxopleural process (Figs 17���19); coxopleural surface without setae. Coxal pores numerous, coxal pore-field oval, slightly longer than sternite 21; it does not reach closely to the lateral margin of the coxa and considerably less so to the caudal one. 0���2 small apical spines positioned at the rounded median corner of the coxopleuron and a small lateral spine (Fig. 18) may be present at its posterior margin. Ultimate legs (Figs 17, 21) ���truly pincer-shaped��� (sensu Schileyko, Vahtera & Edgecombe 2020), 6.9���8.3 mm long, much shortened and broadened (with prefemur ratio of length: width 1���1.4). Prefemur (Fig. 20) with 0���4/5 ventral (including 0 or 1 ventro-lateral) spines, 0���5 medial + ventro-medial ones and 1���3 dorso-medial (including 1 or 2 ones at the position of the corner spine). Prefemur ventro-medially with a spineless area bordered by a low U-shaped ridge. Prefemur (Fig. 21), femur and tibia distinctly flattened dorsally, ventral surface of tibia and tarsus 1 somewhat swollen distally. Distal end of prefemur, femur and tibia with a well-developed dorso-medial longitudinal depression which is approximately as long as 1/4 of length of the corresponding article (Fig. 21). Pretarsus enlarged, twice as long as tarsus 2 but somewhat shorter than the tarsal articles taken together; ventral surface of pretarsus forms a sharp ridge, accessory spines absent. Variability. Right antenna of spm 1 has 13 articles (Fig. 13) most probably having been regenerated. The specimens studied demonstrate considerable variation in spination of the coxopleuron. Spm 1 (46 mm long) lacks any coxopleural spines (Fig. 19), in spm 2 (46.5 mm long) the right coxopleuron is also spineless whereas the left one has 1 apical spine only (Fig. 17), in spm 3 (35 mm long) each coxopleuron is with 2 apical plus 1 lateral spine (Fig. 18), in spm 4 (40 mm long) the right coxopleuron is with 2 apical plus 1 lateral spine and the left one with 1 apical plus 1 lateral one. The only other difference between these specimens is the number of spines of the ultimate prefemur: spm 1 has 2 distal dorso-medial plus 1 ventral spine, spm 2 has left leg with 2 distal dorso-medial and right leg with 1 distal dorso-medial plus 1 medial spine (Fig. 17), spm 3 has left leg with 2 distal dorso-medial plus 7 ventral spines and right leg with 1 distal dorso-medial plus 5 ventral spines (Fig. 20). Spm 4 has both these legs with 2 distal dorso-medial plus 5 ventral spines. Remarks on Mexican specimens. Studied specimens are typical representatives of this species but show considerable intraspecific variability of the spine numbers on the coxopleuron and ultimate prefemur. Thus the taxonomic weight of both these characters should be decreased in the species of the guildingii -subgroup. Composite description of Jamaican specimens (Rc 7687���7691, Figs 15, 22���27) Length of body up to 37 mm. Color in ethanol: the whole body and legs light yellow. The whole body (head, forcipular segment, all tergites and sternites) is covered by numerous very short setae. Antennae composed of 16 or 17 cylindrical articles, practically reaching the posterior margin of tergite 2 when reflexed. 5 or 6 basal articles practically glabrous with scattered long setae and the subsequent articles densely covered by short setae. Cephalic plate (Fig. 22): oval and relatively narrow (considerably narrower than tergite 1), its posterior margin with rounded corners, covered by tergite 1. Paramedian sutures visibly diverge forwards, approximately as long as 1/2 of cephalic plate (or slightly longer), their posterior ends are crossed by a transverse suture forming welldeveloped basal plates (Fig. 22). Maxillae 2 with well-developed dorsal brush. Pretarsus approximately as long as 1/4 length of article 3 of telopodite (Fig. 24) with claw-shaped tip; of two accessory spines the dorsal one is more slim and much adpressed to the pretarsus being very poorly recognizable. Telopodite article 2 with a clearly visible dorso-apical spur. Forcipular coxosternite (Figs 15, 23, 24) with two shortened posteriorly (sometimes slightly exceeding the mid-point of the coxosternite) longitudinal sutures, which much converging anteriorly and meet each other in a semilunar suture, the latter encircling a minor coxosternal median diastema. These longitudinal sutures are crossed by a practically complete, branching transverse suture; chitin-lines absent. Tooth-plates approximately as long as wide, definitely narrowing anteriorly. Tooth-plate (Fig. 23) with 4 teeth (in sad. Rc 7690 occasionally/abnormally 3 teeth, Fig. 15), of these the lateral one is clearly isolated and visibly shorter than the medial teeth, the latter have a common base being fused to a variable degree (to practically fully fused in Rc 7687, Fig. 24). A single clearly visible seta occurs in a rounded depression directly under the tooth margin. The basal sutures of the tooth-plates form a practically straight line. Process of trochanteroprefemur (Figs 15, 23, 24) with one apical and one medial tubercle, considerably longer than the tooth-plate. This process with a basal suture and a characteristic additional transverse suture just below the former. Tarsungulum of normal length, its interior surface with two sharp longitudinal ridges Tergites: tergite 1 with complete paramedian sutures which slightly converging anteriorly (Fig. 22). Tergites 2��� 20 with complete paramedian sutures, other tergal sutures not visible. Tergites 10/13���20 with incomplete (somewhat shortened posteriorly) and more or less definite lateral margination, only tergite 21 definitely and completely marginated. Tergite 21 (Fig. 25) without a median suture, an incomplete shallow median longitudinal sulcus (not suture) may be visible in the middle of this tergite (Rc 7687, 7688); tergite 21 considerably (approximately 1.5���2 times) wider than long and slightly broadened towards the posterior margin, the latter convex apically. Sternites 2���20 with complete paramedian sutures. Sternite 21 (Fig. 26) with a very poorly-developed longitudinal median depression in the anterior half, trapeziform (approximately as long as wide) and distinctly narrowed towards the practically straight posterior margin. Presternites well-developed as paired triangles (Figs 15, 23) in sternites 1���20. Spiracles small, the first pair somewhat elongated and the others praсtically round. The spiracle atrium is tightly closed by the two (upper and lower) cuticular folds, the third (median) fold is very much reduced being practically invisible. Legs: pretarsus of legs 1���20 with two well-developed accessory spines. Ultimate LBS: coxopleuron (Fig. 26) visibly longer than sternite 21, with a rounded median corner at the position of the coxopleural process; coxople
Published as part of Schileyko, Arkady A. & Cupul-Maga��a, Fabio G., 2021, Cormocephalus (Cormocephalus) guildingii Newport, 1845 (Chilopoda: Scolopendromorpha): a composite description, new samples from Western Mexico and a new species subgroup of Neotropical Cormocephalus (Cormocephalus), pp. 301-325 in Zootaxa 5071 (3) on pages 304-313, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5071.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5723692
{"references":["Porat, C. O. (1876) Om nagra exotiska Myriopoder. Bihang till Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akadamien Handlingar, 4 (7), 1 - 48.","Kohlrausch, E. (1878) Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Scolopendriden. Tesis profesional, Hochloblicher Philosophischen Facultat zu Marburg Hannover, Hannover, 27 pp.","Pocock, R. I. (1888) Contributions to our knowledge of the Myriapoda of Dominica. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, London, Series 6, 2, 472 - 483.","Kraepelin, K. (1903) Revision der Scolopendriden. Mitteilungen aus dem Naturhistorischen Museum Hamburg, 20, 1 - 278.","Chamberlin, R. V. (1914) The Stanford expedition to Brazil, 1911, John C. Branner, Director. The Chilopoda of Brazil. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 58 (3), 151 - 221.","Chamberlin, R. V. (1918) The Chilopoda and Diplopoda of the West Indies. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 62, 151 - 262.","Attems, G. (1928) Neue Scolopendriden der Museum Wien und Hamburg. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 78 (11 / 12), 279 - 309.","Attems, G. (1930) Myriapoda. 2. Scolopendromorpha. Das Tierreich, 54. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin, 308 pp.","Bucherl, W. (1939) Os quilopodos do Brasil. Memorias do Instituto Butantan, 13, 43 - 362.","Bucherl, W. (1941) Catalogo dos Quilopodos da zona Neotropica. Memorias do Instituto Butantan, 15, 251 - 372.","Bucherl, W. (1942) Quilopodos novos da colecao miriapodologica do Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro. Memorias do Instituto Butantan, 15, 119 - 146.","Bucherl, W. (1943) Quilopodos do Peru I. Memoires do Instituto Butantan, 17, 19 - 27.","Bucherl, W. (1950) Quilopodos do Peru II. Memoires do Instituto Butantan, 22, 173 - 186.","Bucherl, W. (1953) Quilopodos, arahnas e escorpioes enviados ao Instituto Butantan para determinacao. Memorias do Instituto Butantan, 25 (1), 109 - 151.","Kraus, O. (1957) Myriapoden aus Peru VI. Chilopoden. Senckenbergiana Biologica, 38, 359 - 404.","Crabill, R. E. (1960) Centipedes of the Smithsonian-Bredin expeditions to the West-Indies. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 111 (3427), 167 - 195.","Bucherl, W. (1974) Die Scolopendromorpha der Neotropischen Region. Symposia of the Zoological Society of London, 32, 99 - 133.","Schileyko, A. (2002) 5.1. 3 Scolopendromorpha. In: Adis, J. (Ed.), Amazonian Arachnida and Myriapoda. Vol. 24. Identification keys to all classes, orders, families, some genera, and lists of known terrestrial species. Pensoft Series Faunistica, Pensoft Publishers, Sofia, pp. 479 - 500.","Schileyko, A. & Stagl, V. (2004) The collection of scolopendromorph centipedes (Chilopoda) in the Natural History Museum in Vienna: a critical re-evaluation of former taxonomic identifications. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 105 V, 67 - 137.","Cupul-Magana, F. G. (2009) Redescubrimiento de Cormocephalus impressus (Chilopoda: Scolopendromorpha: Scolopendridae) para Mexico. BIOCYT, 2 (8), 89 - 93.","Cruz-Trujillo, L. E., Cupul-Magana, F. G., Mireles-Merchant, R. (2015) Primer registro del ciempies Cormocephalus impressus Porat, 1876 (Scolopendromorpha: Scolopendridae) de Morelos, Mexico. Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa (S. E. A.), 56, 308.","Schileyko, A., Iorio E. & Coulis M. (2018) A contribution to the knowledge of scolopendromorph centipedes of Martinique Island, with descriptions of two new species (Chilopoda: Scolopendromorpha). Zootaxa, 4486 (4), 559 - 574. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4486.4.9","Martinez-Munoz, C. A. & Perez-Gelabert, D. E. (2018) Checklist of the Centipedes (Chilopoda) of Hispaniola. Novitates Caribaea, 12, 74 - 101.","Iorio, E. & Coulis, M. (2019) Etude des myriapodes de Martinique. Avec un pre-atlas partiel et une evaluation preliminaire de leurs enjeux \" patrimoniaux \". Rapport de Martinique Entomologie pour la DEAL Martinique, 2019, 1 - 72.","Schileyko, A., Vahtera, V. & Edgecombe, G. D. (2020) An overview of the extant genera and subgenera of the order Scolopendromorpha (Chilopoda): a new identification key and updated diagnoses. Zootaxa, 4825 (1), 001 - 064. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4825.1.1","Meinert, F. (1886) Myriapoda Musei Cantabrigiensis. Part I. Chilopoda. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 23, 161 - 233.","Kraepelin, K. (1904) Catalogue des Scolopendrides des collections du Museum d'histoire naturelle de Paris. Premiere partie: Scolopendrides en dehores du genre Scolopendra. Bulletin du Museum d'histoire naturelle, 5, 243 - 253."]}