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Change in the Prevalence and Social Patterning of First-and Second-Hand Smoking in PORTUGAL: A Repeated Cross-Sectional Study (2005 and 2014)
- Source :
- International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 17, Iss 3594, p 3594 (2020), International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Volume 17, Issue 10
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- MDPI AG, 2020.
-
Abstract
- Between 2005 and 2007, important reinforcements of the tobacco legislation have been implemented in Portugal, which may have affected smoking patterns. The aim of this study was to measure the change in prevalence of first- and second-hand smoking (SHS) among adults, and its socio-demographic patterning in Portugal from 2005 to 2014. Data from the last two Portuguese National Health Interview Surveys (2005 and 2014) were used. The changes in daily smoking and SHS were measured using Poisson regressions, stratifying by sex and survey year. The inequalities were measured using relative inequality indexes (RII). From 2005 to 2014, there was a reduction in SHS (75%&ndash<br />54% among men, and 52%&ndash<br />38% among women), and a reduction in smoking among men (27%&ndash<br />26%), and an increase among women (9%&ndash<br />12%). SHS reduction was more marked among less privileged people. Among Portuguese men, inequalities in daily smoking have increased slightly, while among women the gap favoring low-educated reduced. Between 2005 and 2014, SHS decreased, but not daily smoking, particularly among women. Additionally, socioeconomic inequalities in smoking increased. Future policies should simultaneously tackle smoking and SHS prevalence, and their socioeconomic patterning. More comprehensive policies such as comprehensive national (non-partial) bans, combined with price increases could be more effective.
- Subjects :
- Adult
Male
Inequality
Cross-sectional study
Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
media_common.quotation_subject
lcsh:Medicine
Daily smoking
Socioeconomic Inequalities
Article
smoking
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
second-hand smoking
Prevalence
Medicine
Humans
030212 general & internal medicine
Socioeconomic status
Socioeconomic inequalities
media_common
National health
Portugal
socioeconomic inequalities
business.industry
Smoking
lcsh:R
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Environmental exposure
Environmental Exposure
Health Status Disparities
language.human_language
3. Good health
Cross-Sectional Studies
030228 respiratory system
Socioeconomic Factors
language
Female
Tobacco Smoke Pollution
Portuguese
Second-Hand Smoking
Determinantes da Saúde e da Doença
business
Demography
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 16617827 and 16604601
- Volume :
- 17
- Issue :
- 3594
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....3edfdbb546868d0a2f76fcd5f8405141