Biologic glue-molded 'bio-mini-paddle' electrode used for atrial and ventricular pacing and defibrillation

Atrial and ventricular dysrhythmias developing after cardiac operation further reduce cardiac output, posing a serious problem for postoperative management. We have developed a "bio-mini-paddle" electrode designed to be attached directly to the myocardium for atrial or ventricular defibrillation and pacing for intraoperative and postoperative cardiac management. We use fibrin glue for the paddle, which is biodegradable. The characteristics of this unique paddle were examined using mongrel dogs.