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Analysis of Genetic Variability within the Immunodominant Epitopes of Envelope gp41 from Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Group M and Its Impact on HIV-1 Antibody Detection
- Source :
- Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 38:773-780
- Publication Year :
- 2000
- Publisher :
- American Society for Microbiology, 2000.
-
Abstract
- The serodiagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection primarily relies on the detection of antibodies, most of which are directed against the immunodominant regions (IDR) of HIV-1 structural proteins. Among these, the N-terminal region of gp41 contains cluster I (amino acids [aa] 580 to 623), comprising the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte epitope (AVERYLKDQQLL) and the cysteine loop (CSGKLIC), and cluster II (aa 646 to 682), comprising an ectodomain region (ELDKWA). To delineate the epitope diversity within clusters I and II and to determine whether the diversity affects serologic detection by U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-licensed enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kits, gp41 Env sequences from 247 seropositive persons infected with HIV-1 group M, subtypes A ( n = 42), B ( n = 62), B′ ( n = 13), C ( n = 38), D ( n = 41), E ( n = 18), F ( n = 27), and G ( n = 6), and 6 HIV-1-infected but persistently seronegative (HIPS) persons were analyzed. While all IDR were highly conserved among both seropositive and HIPS persons, minor amino acid substitutions (n = 152) tested positive with all five FDA-licensed EIA kits. Furthermore, all specimens reacted with a group M consensus gp41 peptide (WGIKQLQARVLAVERYLKDQQLLGIWGCSGKLICTTAVPWNASW), and high degrees of cross-reactivity (>80%) were observed with an HIV-1 group N peptide, an HIV-1 group O peptide, and a peptide derived from the homologous region of gp41 from simian immunodeficiency virus from chimpanzee (SIVcpz). Taken together, these data indicate that the minor substitutions observed within the IDR of gp41 of HIV-1 group M subtypes do not affect antibody recognition and that all HIV-1-seropositive specimens containing the observed substitutions react with the FDA-licensed EIA kits regardless of viral genotype and geographic origin.
- Subjects :
- Microbiology (medical)
Molecular Sequence Data
Cross Reactions
HIV Antibodies
Gp41
medicine.disease_cause
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Epitope
Virus
Viral envelope
Virology
medicine
Antigenic variation
Humans
Amino Acid Sequence
Peptide sequence
biology
Immunodominant Epitopes
AIDS Serodiagnosis
Sequence Analysis, DNA
Simian immunodeficiency virus
Antigenic Variation
HIV Envelope Protein gp41
Amino Acid Substitution
HIV-1
biology.protein
Antibody
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 1098660X and 00951137
- Volume :
- 38
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of Clinical Microbiology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....3cae8933a65e2061f6de9eed5257741f