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Viral unmasking of cellular 5S rRNA pseudogene transcripts induces RIG-I-mediated immunity
- Source :
- Nature Immunology. 19:53-62
- Publication Year :
- 2017
- Publisher :
- Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2017.
-
Abstract
- The sensor RIG-I detects double-stranded RNA derived from RNA viruses. Although RIG-I is also known to have a role in the antiviral response to DNA viruses, physiological RNA species recognized by RIG-I during infection with a DNA virus are largely unknown. Using next-generation RNA sequencing (RNAseq), we found that host-derived RNAs, most prominently 5S ribosomal RNA pseudogene 141 (RNA5SP141), bound to RIG-I during infection with herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1). Infection with HSV-1 induced relocalization of RNA5SP141 from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, and virus-induced shutoff of host protein synthesis downregulated the abundance of RNA5SP141-interacting proteins, which allowed RNA5SP141 to bind RIG-I and induce the expression of type I interferons. Silencing of RNA5SP141 strongly dampened the antiviral response to HSV-1 and the related virus Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), as well as influenza A virus (IAV). Our findings reveal that antiviral immunity can be triggered by host RNAs that are unshielded following depletion of their respective binding proteins by the virus.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
viruses
Immunology
Gene Expression
Herpesvirus 1, Human
Biology
medicine.disease_cause
RNA Transport
Virus
03 medical and health sciences
Chlorocebus aethiops
Gene expression
medicine
Influenza A virus
Animals
Humans
Immunology and Allergy
Gene silencing
Receptors, Immunologic
Vero Cells
Cells, Cultured
Mice, Knockout
030102 biochemistry & molecular biology
RIG-I
Immunity
RNA, Ribosomal, 5S
RNA
Ribosomal RNA
Virology
3. Good health
HEK293 Cells
030104 developmental biology
Herpes simplex virus
Host-Pathogen Interactions
Interferon Type I
DEAD Box Protein 58
Pseudogenes
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 15292916 and 15292908
- Volume :
- 19
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Nature Immunology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....3b6c7de16cc8b5d4116e1e247bf2f25d