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Gene duplication in the major insecticide target site, Rdl, in Drosophila melanogaster
- Source :
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 110(36)
- Publication Year :
- 2013
-
Abstract
- The Resistance to Dieldrin gene, Rdl , encodes a GABA-gated chloride channel subunit that is targeted by cyclodiene and phenylpyrazole insecticides. The gene was first characterized in Drosophila melanogaster by genetic mapping of resistance to the cyclodiene dieldrin. The 4,000-fold resistance observed was due to a single amino acid replacement, Ala 301 to Ser. The equivalent change was subsequently identified in Rdl orthologs of a large range of resistant insect species. Here, we report identification of a duplication at the Rdl locus in D. melanogaster . The 113-kb duplication contains one WT copy of Rdl and a second copy with two point mutations: an Ala 301 to Ser resistance mutation and Met 360 to Ile replacement. Individuals with this duplication exhibit intermediate dieldrin resistance compared with single copy Ser 301 homozygotes, reduced temperature sensitivity, and altered RNA editing associated with the resistant allele. Ectopic recombination between Roo transposable elements is involved in generating this genomic rearrangement. The duplication phenotypes were confirmed by construction of a transgenic, artificial duplication integrating the 55.7-kb Rdl locus with a Ser 301 change into an Ala 301 background. Gene duplications can contribute significantly to the evolution of insecticide resistance, most commonly by increasing the amount of gene product produced. Here however, duplication of the Rdl target site creates permanent heterozygosity, providing unique potential for adaptive mutations to accrue in one copy, without abolishing the endogenous role of an essential gene.
- Subjects :
- Transposable element
Male
Insecticides
DNA Copy Number Variations
Molecular Sequence Data
Gene Expression
Locus (genetics)
Insecticide Resistance
Lethal Dose 50
Gene mapping
Mutation Rate
Gene Duplication
Gene duplication
Animals
Drosophila Proteins
Point Mutation
Ectopic recombination
Amino Acid Sequence
Gene
Genetics
Dieldrin
Multidisciplinary
Binding Sites
Genes, Essential
biology
Models, Genetic
Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
Temperature
Biological Sciences
biology.organism_classification
Receptors, GABA-A
Drosophila melanogaster
Essential gene
DNA Transposable Elements
Female
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 10916490
- Volume :
- 110
- Issue :
- 36
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....3aba9fe0034b439f28bbaa8bff5fdc37