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Neutralizing Antibodies Responses against SARS-CoV-2 in a Sardinian Cohort Group Up to 9 Months after BNT162b2 Vaccination

Authors :
Giuseppina Sanna
Alessandra Marongiu
Davide Firinu
Cristina Piras
Gianluigi Franci
Massimiliano Galdiero
Giuseppe Pala
Vanessa Palmas
Fabrizio Angius
Roberto Littera
Andrea Perra
Germano Orrù
Marcello Campagna
Giulia Costanzo
Federico Meloni
Ferdinando Coghe
Luchino Chessa
Aldo Manzin
Sanna, G.
Marongiu, A.
Firinu, D.
Piras, C.
Franci, G.
Galdiero, M.
Pala, G.
Palmas, V.
Angius, F.
Littera, R.
Perra, A.
Orru, G.
Campagna, M.
Costanzo, G.
Meloni, F.
Coghe, F.
Chessa, L.
Manzin, A.
Source :
Vaccines. 10(4)
Publication Year :
2022

Abstract

Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the etiological agent of COVID-19, has caused over 460 million cases of infection and over 6 million deaths worldwide. The pandemic has called for science, technology, and innovation to provide solutions and, due to an incredible scientific and financial global effort, several prophylactic and therapeutic apparatuses such as monoclonal antibodies and vaccines were developed in less than one year to address this emergency. After SARS-CoV-2 infection, serum neutralizing antibodies are produced by B cells and studies on virus-neutralizing antibodies’ kinetics are pivotal. The process of protective immunity and the duration of this kind of protection against COVID-19 remain to be clarified. We tested 136 sera from 3 groups of individuals, some of them providing multiple sequential sera (1—healthy, no previous CoV2-infected, vaccinated; 2—healthy, previous CoV2 infected, vaccinated; 3—healed, previous CoV2-infected, not vaccinated) to assess the kinetics of antibodies (Abs) neutralizing activity. We found that SARS-CoV-2 infection elicits moderate neutralizing antibody activity in most individuals; neither age nor gender appear to have any influence on Abs responses. The BNT162b2 vaccine, when administered in two doses, induces high antibodies titre endowed with potent neutralizing activity against bare SARS-CoV-2 in in vitro neutralizing assay. The residual neutralization capability and the kinetic of waning immunity were also evaluated over 9 months after the second dose in a reference group of subjects. Neutralization titre showed a decline in all subjects and the median level of S-protein IgG, over 270 days after the second vaccination dose, was below 10 AU/mL in 53% of serum tested.

Details

ISSN :
2076393X
Volume :
10
Issue :
4
Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
Vaccines
Accession number :
edsair.doi.dedup.....3a2e66dd888ae272e1fa26f6881a1d63