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Density-Dependent Interference of Aphids with Caterpillar-Induced Defenses in Arabidopsis: Involvement of Phytohormones and Transcription Factors
- Source :
- Plant and Cell Physiology, 56(1), 98-106, Plant and Cell Physiology 56 (2015) 1
- Publication Year :
- 2014
- Publisher :
- Oxford University Press (OUP), 2014.
-
Abstract
- In nature, plants are exposed to attacks by multiple herbivore species at the same time. To cope with these attacks, plants regulate defenses with the production of hormones such as salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA). Because herbivore densities are dynamic in time, this may affect plant-mediated interactions between different herbivores attacking at the same time. In Arabidopsis thaliana, feeding by Brevicoryne brassicae aphids interferes with induced defenses against Plutella xylostella caterpillars. This is density dependent: at a low aphid density, the growth rate of P. xylostella was increased, whereas caterpillars feeding on plants colonized by aphids at a high density have a reduced growth rate. Growth of P. xylostella larvae was unaffected on sid2-1 or on dde2-2 mutant plants when feeding simultaneously with a low or high aphid density. This shows that aphid interference with caterpillar-induced defenses requires both SA and JA signal transduction pathways. Transcriptional analysis revealed that simultaneous feeding by caterpillars and aphids at a low density induced the expression of the SA transcription factor gene WRKY70 whereas expression of WRKY70 was lower in plants induced with both caterpillars and a high aphid density. Interestingly, the expression of the JA transcription factor gene MYC2 was significantly higher in plants simultaneously attacked by aphids at a high density and caterpillars. These results indicate that a lower expression level of WRKY70 leads to significantly higher MYC2 expression through SA-JA cross-talk. Thus, plant-mediated interactions between aphids and caterpillars are density dependent and involve phytohormonal cross-talk and differential activation of transcription factors.
- Subjects :
- Arabidopsis thaliana
Brevicoryne brassicae
Physiology
Arabidopsis
Density dependence
Cyclopentanes
Plant Science
Moths
Biology
Host-Parasite Interactions
chemistry.chemical_compound
Plant Growth Regulators
Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
Botany
Gene expression
Animals
Plutella xylostella
Herbivory
Oxylipins
Laboratory of Entomology
Plant Diseases
Aphid
EPS-2
Arabidopsis Proteins
Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors
Jasmonic acid
fungi
food and beverages
Plutella
Plant physiology
Cell Biology
General Medicine
biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition
Laboratorium voor Entomologie
biology.organism_classification
Plant Leaves
chemistry
Hormone cross-talk
Aphids
Salicylic Acid
Transcriptome
Transcription Factor Gene
Signal Transduction
Transcription Factors
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 14719053 and 00320781
- Volume :
- 56
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Plant and Cell Physiology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....39dfca4af3ae8ed07f3540c6758749e9