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Anti-Inflammatory and Antinociceptive Activities of Anthraquinone-2-Carboxylic Acid
- Source :
- Mediators of Inflammation, Vol 2016 (2016), Mediators of Inflammation
- Publication Year :
- 2016
- Publisher :
- Hindawi Limited, 2016.
-
Abstract
- Anthraquinone compounds are one of the abundant polyphenols found in fruits, vegetables, and herbs. However, thein vivoanti-inflammatory activity and molecular mechanisms of anthraquinones have not been fully elucidated. We investigated the activity of anthraquinones using acute inflammatory and nociceptive experimental conditions. Anthraquinone-2-carboxylic acid (9,10-dihydro-9,10-dioxo-2-anthracenecarboxylic acid, AQCA), one of the major anthraquinones identified from Brazilian taheebo, ameliorated various inflammatory and algesic symptoms in EtOH/HCl- and acetylsalicylic acid- (ASA-) induced gastritis, arachidonic acid-induced edema, and acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing without displaying toxic profiles in body and organ weight, gastric irritation, or serum parameters. In addition, AQCA suppressed the expression of inflammatory genes such as cyclooxygenase- (COX-) 2 in stomach tissues and lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) treated RAW264.7 cells. According to reporter gene assay and immunoblotting analyses, AQCA inhibited activation of the nuclear factor- (NF-)κB and activator protein- (AP-) 1 pathways by suppression of upstream signaling involving interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK1), p38, Src, and spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk). Our data strongly suggest that anthraquinones such as AQCA act as potent anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive componentsin vivo, thus contributing to the immune regulatory role of fruits and herbs.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
Lipopolysaccharides
Male
Lipopolysaccharide
Article Subject
medicine.drug_class
Immunology
Anti-Inflammatory Agents
Syk
Anthraquinones
Pharmacology
Ranitidine
Anti-inflammatory
03 medical and health sciences
chemistry.chemical_compound
Mice
In vivo
medicine
lcsh:Pathology
Animals
Edema
Acetic Acid
Analgesics
Mice, Inbred ICR
Arachidonic Acid
biology
Kinase
Plant Extracts
NF-kappa B
Cell Biology
030104 developmental biology
RAW 264.7 Cells
chemistry
Biochemistry
Cyclooxygenase 2
biology.protein
Cyclooxygenase
Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src
Signal Transduction
Research Article
lcsh:RB1-214
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 14661861 and 09629351
- Volume :
- 2016
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Mediators of Inflammation
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....398e3774e79ce532962e21c6ed4c3343