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Toxicological effect of single contaminants and contaminant mixtures associated with plant ingredients in novel salmon feeds
- Source :
- Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association. 73
- Publication Year :
- 2014
-
Abstract
- Increasing use of plant feed ingredients may introduce contaminants not previously associated with farming of salmonids, such as pesticides and PAHs from environmental sources or from thermal processing of oil seeds. To screen for interaction effects of contaminants newly introduced in salmon feeds, Atlantic salmon primary hepatocytes were used. The xCELLigence cytotoxicity system was used to select optimal dosages of the PAHs benzo(a)pyrene and phenanthrene, the pesticides chlorpyrifos and endosulfan, and combinations of these. NMR and MS metabolic profiling and microarray transcriptomic profiling was used to identify novel biomarkers. Lipidomic and transcriptomic profiling suggested perturbation of lipid metabolism, as well as endocrine disruption. The pesticides gave the strongest responses, despite having less effect on cell viability than the PAHs. Only weak molecular responses were detected in PAH-exposed hepatocytes. Chlorpyrifos suppressed the synthesis of unsaturated fatty acids. Endosulfan affected steroid hormone synthesis, while benzo(a)pyrene disturbed vitamin D3 metabolism. The primary mixture effect was additive, although at high concentrations the pesticides acted in a synergistic fashion to decrease cell viability and down-regulate CYP3A and FABP4 transcription. This work highlights the usefulness of ‘omics techniques and multivariate data analysis to investigate interactions within mixtures of contaminants with different modes of action.
- Subjects :
- Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Food Contamination
Biology
Toxicology
Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
Mass Spectrometry
chemistry.chemical_compound
Metabolomics
Salmon
Animals
Viability assay
Endosulfan
Cells, Cultured
DNA Primers
Base Sequence
Chemistry
Lipid metabolism
Metabolism
General Medicine
Phenanthrene
Pesticide
Plants
Animal Feed
Chlorpyrifos
Environmental chemistry
Hepatocytes
Pyrene
Toxicogenomics
Transcriptome
Food Science
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 18736351
- Volume :
- 73
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....3930f90422b0e264c1ec2396faf0f803