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Identifying differences between depressed adolescent suicide ideators and attempters
- Source :
- Journal of affective disorders. 186
- Publication Year :
- 2015
-
Abstract
- Background: Adolescent depression and suicide are pressing public health concerns, and identifying key differences among suicide ideators and attempters is critical. The goal of the current study is to test whether depressed adolescent suicide attempters report greater anhedonia severity and exhibit aberrant effort–cost computations in the face of uncertainty. Methods: Depressed adolescents (n¼101) ages 13–19 years were administered structured clinical interviews to assess current mental health disorders and a history of suicidality (suicide ideators¼55, suicide attempters¼46). Then, participants completed self-report instruments assessing symptoms of suicidal ideation, depression, anhedonia, and anxiety as well as a computerized effort–cost computation task. Results: Compared with depressed adolescent suicide ideators, attempters report greater anhedonia severity, even after concurrently controlling for symptoms of suicidal ideation, depression, and anxiety. Additionally, when completing the effort–cost computation task, suicide attempters are less likely to pursue the difficult, high value option when outcomes are uncertain. Follow-up, trial-level analyses of effort–cost computations suggest that receipt of reward does not influence future decision-making among suicide attempters, however, suicide ideators exhibit a win–stay approach when receiving rewards on previous trials. Limitations: Findings should be considered in light of limitations including a modest sample size, which limits generalizability, and the cross-sectional design. Conclusions: Depressed adolescent suicide attempters are characterized by greater anhedonia severity, which may impair the ability to integrate previous rewarding experiences to inform future decisions. Taken together, this may generate a feeling of powerlessness that contributes to increased suicidality and a needless loss of life.
- Subjects :
- Male
medicine.medical_specialty
Adolescent
Anhedonia
Poison control
Suicide, Attempted
Anxiety
Suicide prevention
Choice Behavior
Article
Suicidal Ideation
Young Adult
Reward
Injury prevention
medicine
Humans
Psychiatry
Suicidal ideation
Depression (differential diagnoses)
Depression
Uncertainty
Mental health
Psychiatry and Mental health
Clinical Psychology
Cross-Sectional Studies
Adolescent Behavior
Female
medicine.symptom
Psychology
Clinical psychology
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 15732517
- Volume :
- 186
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of affective disorders
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....3892b9f9a86af68c5fe9b4b955e7272b