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Quantitative cytokine level of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-10, TGF-β and circulating Epstein-Barr virus DNA load in individuals with acute Malaria due to P. falciparum or P. vivax or double infection in a Malaria endemic region in Indonesia
- Source :
- PLoS ONE, PLoS ONE, 16(12 December):e0261923. Public Library of Science, PLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 12, p e0261923 (2021), Budiningsih, I, Dachlan, Y P, Hadi, U & Middeldorp, J M 2021, ' Quantitative cytokine level of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-10, TGF-β and circulating Epstein-Barr virus DNA load in individuals with acute Malaria due to P. falciparum or P. vivax or double infection in a Malaria endemic region in Indonesia ', PLoS ONE, vol. 16, no. 12 December, e0261923 . https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0261923
- Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- Plasmodium falciparum Malaria and Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) infection are risk factors in the development of Burkitt’s lymphoma. In Indonesia, 100% of the population is persistently infected with EBV early in life and at risk of developing EBV-linked cancers. Currently, 10.7 million people in Indonesia are living in Malaria-endemic areas. This cross-sectional study was initiated to investigate how acute Malaria dysregulates immune control over latent EBV infection. Using blood and plasma samples of 68 patients with acute Malaria and 27 healthy controls, we measured the level of parasitemia for each plasmodium type (P. falciparum, P. vivax, and mixed) by microscopy and rapid test. The level of 4 regulatory cytokines was determined by quantitative ELISA and the level of circulating EBV genome by real-time PCR targeting the single copy EBNA-1 sequence. All Plasmodium-infected cases had high-level parasitemia (>1000 parasites/ul blood) except for one case. EBV-DNA levels were significantly more elevated in P. falciparum and P. vivax infections (PP. falciparum cases showed a clear correlation with elevated EBV DNA levels (R2 = 0.8915). This is the first study addressing the relation between EBV (re)activation and cytokine responses during acute Malaria, revealing a clear correlation between pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α and EBV-DNA levels, specifically in P. falciparum cases, suggesting this cytokine to be key in dysregulating EBV homeostasis during acute P. falciparum Malaria.
- Subjects :
- Male
Herpesvirus 4, Human
Plasmodium
B Cells
Physiology
White Blood Cells
Medical Conditions
Risk Factors
Animal Cells
hemic and lymphatic diseases
Immune Physiology
Medicine and Health Sciences
Homeostasis
Malaria, Falciparum
Child
Pathology and laboratory medicine
Protozoans
Innate Immune System
Multidisciplinary
Malarial Parasites
Eukaryota
Middle Aged
Medical microbiology
Interleukin-10
Body Fluids
Blood
Child, Preschool
Viruses
Medicine
Cytokines
Female
Pathogens
Anatomy
Cellular Types
Research Article
Adult
Herpesviruses
Adolescent
Science
Immune Cells
Plasmodium falciparum
Immunology
Genome, Viral
Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
Microbiology
Blood Plasma
Transforming Growth Factor beta1
Interferon-gamma
Young Adult
parasitic diseases
Parasite Groups
Malaria, Vivax
Parasitic Diseases
Humans
Epstein-Barr virus
Antibody-Producing Cells
Aged
Inflammation
Blood Cells
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
Organisms
Viral pathogens
Biology and Life Sciences
Cell Biology
Molecular Development
Tropical Diseases
Parasitic Protozoans
Malaria
Microbial pathogens
Cross-Sectional Studies
Indonesia
Immune System
DNA, Viral
Parasitology
Plasmodium vivax
DNA viruses
Apicomplexa
Developmental Biology
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 19326203
- Volume :
- 16
- Issue :
- 12
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- PloS one
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....37b04d2395cececb8c65a74f1c8d5d68