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Dynamics of Schistosoma haematobium egg output and associated infection parameters following treatment with praziquantel in school-aged children
- Source :
- Parasites & Vectors, Parasites & Vectors, Vol 5, Iss 1, p 298 (2012)
- Publisher :
- Springer Nature
-
Abstract
- Background Praziquantel is the drug of choice in preventive chemotherapy targeting schistosomiasis. Increasing large-scale administration of praziquantel requires monitoring of drug efficacy to detect early signs of development of resistance. Standard protocols for drug efficacy monitoring are necessary. Here, we determined the optimal time point for praziquantel efficacy assessment against Schistosoma haematobium and studied the dynamics of infection parameters following treatment. Methods Ninety school-aged children from south Côte d’Ivoire with a parasitologically confirmed S. haematobium infection were treated with a single oral dose of praziquantel (40 mg/kg) and followed up for 62 days post-treatment. Urine samples were collected on 23 schooldays during this period and were subjected to visual examination (macrohaematuria), urine filtration and microscopy (S. haematobium eggs) and reagent strip testing (microhaematuria, proteinuria and leukocyturia). Results Observed cure and egg reduction rates were highly dependent on the time point post-treatment. Egg reduction rates were high (>97%) in weeks 3–9 post-treatment. Cure rates were highest in weeks 6 (92.9%) and 9 (95.0%) post-treatment. The prevalence of infection-associated parameters decreased after treatment, reaching a minimum of 2.4% in weeks 5 (proteinuria) and 7 (leukocyturia) post-treatment, and 16.3% at the end of week 8 (microhaematuria). Macrohaematuria disappeared between weeks 3 and 6 post-treatment. Conclusions For monitoring praziquantel efficacy against S. haematobium, we recommend that the cure rate is assessed at week 6 post-treatment. The egg reduction rate can be evaluated earlier, from day 14 post-treatment onwards. Reagent strips are a useful additional tool for evaluating treatment outcomes in areas with high endemicity, preferably at weeks 5 and 6 post-treatment. The delayed decrease of microhaematuria confirms that lesions in the urinary tract persist longer than egg excretion post-treatment.
- Subjects :
- Male
Administration, Oral
Schistosoma haematobium
Urine
Gastroenterology
Praziquantel
Efficacy
Schistosomiasis haematobia
0302 clinical medicine
Parasite Egg Count
Schistosomiasis
Child
Microhaematuria
Anthelmintics
0303 health sciences
Proteinuria
biology
3. Good health
Treatment Outcome
Infectious Diseases
Female
Drug Monitoring
medicine.symptom
medicine.drug
medicine.medical_specialty
Adolescent
030231 tropical medicine
lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases
Excretion
03 medical and health sciences
Internal medicine
parasitic diseases
medicine
Animals
Humans
lcsh:RC109-216
030304 developmental biology
Research
Côte d’Ivoire
Macrohaematuria
Leukocyturia
biology.organism_classification
medicine.disease
Surgery
Drug efficacy
Cote d'Ivoire
Parasitology
School-aged children
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 17563305
- Volume :
- 5
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Parasites & Vectors
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....3768fd67778207e090a429f4dc6c0bc3
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-3305-5-298