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Dental Fluorosis according to Birth Cohort and Fluoride Markers in an Endemic Region of Colombia
- Source :
- Repositório Institucional da USP (Biblioteca Digital da Produção Intelectual), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), instacron:USP, Scopus, Repositório Institucional da UNESP, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), instacron:UNESP, The Scientific World Journal, Vol 2021 (2021), The Scientific World Journal
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- Hindawi, 2021.
-
Abstract
- Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T11:03:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-01-01 Objectives. To analyze changes in the dental fluorosis (DF) incidence according to a birth cohort and explore current exposure to DF in a case series. Methods. Repeated cross-sectional study of two periods: 2015 and 2018. Two standardized examiners registered DF using the Thylstrup-Fejerskov index in permanent teeth of children aged 7-18 years. Period and birth cohort frequencies were estimated by a generalized linear model, binomial family, and logarithmic link function. Period estimates are presented as prevalence ratios (PR) and birth cohort estimates as cumulative incidence ratios (RR); 95% confidence intervals and P values are reported. In a subsample of 37 volunteers (12.29 ± 2.63 years), the fluoride (F) concentration in toenails was measured using the HMDS diffusion method and an ion-specific electrode. Other samples from the local environment such as food, soil, and coal were also collected. Results. In 274 children, we found that nonsignificant increases between periods (PR = 1.17; 95% CI: 0.89-1.55) were not explained by birth cohort effects. A total of 37.8% of the subsample had a toenail F concentration ≥2 μg F/g. The salty snacks and seasoning had the highest F concentrations among local environmental samples. Conclusion. In this population with a high DF frequency according to birth cohort and the evaluated period, the study of soil, coal, and food samples indicated a continued F exposure. F concentration found in the toenails shows a moderate F exposure; nearly a third of the children and adolescents exceeded the adopted threshold of 2 μg F/g. It is important to monitor and explore changes in exposure in highly affected population. Graduate Program in Dental Science São Paulo State University (UNESP) School of Dentistry School of Dentistry CES University School of Medicine CES University Department of Biological Sciences University of São Paulo (USP) Bauru School of Dentistry Department of Morphology and Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry São Paulo State University (UNESP) School of Dentistry Graduate Program in Dental Science São Paulo State University (UNESP) School of Dentistry Department of Morphology and Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry São Paulo State University (UNESP) School of Dentistry
- Subjects :
- Technology
COLÔMBIA
Endemic Diseases
Fluorosis, Dental
Cohort Studies
chemistry.chemical_compound
Fluorides
Soil
0302 clinical medicine
Cumulative incidence
030212 general & internal medicine
Spices
Child
General Environmental Science
Permanent teeth
education.field_of_study
Incidence (epidemiology)
Incidence
Age Factors
General Medicine
Coal
Medicine
Birth cohort
Fluoride
Research Article
Adolescent
Article Subject
Science
Population
Colombia
General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
03 medical and health sciences
Fluoridation
medicine
Humans
education
business.industry
Drinking Water
030206 dentistry
Environmental Exposure
medicine.disease
Confidence interval
Cross-Sectional Studies
chemistry
Nails
Snacks
business
Dental fluorosis
Demography
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 23566140
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- The Scientific World Journal
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....37424f18c9fa2cf9647db675b82bac19
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6662940