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Comparison of Systemic Exposure to Toxic and/or Carcinogenic Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) during Vaping, Smoking, and Abstention
- Source :
- Cancer Prev Res (Phila)
- Publication Year :
- 2019
-
Abstract
- Comparisons of systemic exposure to toxicants during monitored cigarette smoking, electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use, and abstention are needed to enhance our understanding of the risks of e-cigarette use (vaping). In a cross-over study, we measured 10 mercapturic acid metabolites of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in 24-hour urine samples collected from 36 dual users (8 women) of e-cigarettes and cigarettes during 2 days of ad libitum vaping or cigarette-only use, and 2 days of enforced abstention. Concentrations of VOC metabolites were higher during smoking compared with vaping, except for the methylating agents' metabolite. The fold-difference in concentrations when smoking relative to vaping ranged from 1.31 (1.06–1.61; geometric mean, 95% confidence interval; 1,3-butadiene) to 7.09 (5.88–8.54; acrylonitrile). Metabolites of acrylamide [fold difference of 1.21 (1.03–1.43)] and benzene [1.46 (1.13–1.90)] were higher during vaping compared with abstention. The 1,3-butadiene and propylene oxide metabolites were higher in variable-power tank users compared with users of cig-a-likes. E-cigarettes expose users to lower levels of toxic VOCs compared with cigarette smoking, supporting their harm reduction potential among smokers. However, some e-cigarettes expose users to VOCs such as acrylamide, benzene, and propylene oxide, and may pose health risks to nonsmoking users. The results of our study will inform regulators in assessing e-cigarettes with respect to the balance between its potential harm reduction for adult smokers and risk to nonsmoking users.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
Adult
Male
Cancer Research
Metabolite
Urine
Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems
Article
law.invention
Cigarette Smoking
03 medical and health sciences
chemistry.chemical_compound
0302 clinical medicine
Cigarette smoking
law
Environmental health
Medicine
Humans
Mercapturic acid
Carcinogen
Harm reduction
Volatile Organic Compounds
Cross-Over Studies
Smokers
business.industry
Vaping
Non-Smokers
Tobacco Products
Acetylcysteine
030104 developmental biology
Oncology
chemistry
030220 oncology & carcinogenesis
Acrylamide
Carcinogens
Female
Smoking Cessation
business
Electronic cigarette
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 19406215
- Volume :
- 13
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.)
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....372a93106a5ddadaaf5a5a90a5fd6db7