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Association Between Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression in Atypical Hyperplasia and Risk of Breast Cancer
- Source :
- JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute. 100:421-427
- Publication Year :
- 2008
- Publisher :
- Oxford University Press (OUP), 2008.
-
Abstract
- The cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzyme, which is induced by inflammatory and mitogenic stimuli, plays a protumorigenic role in several human cancers. COX-2 is overexpressed in invasive and in situ breast cancers. Atypical hyperplasia in breast tissue, although benign, is associated with a high risk of breast cancer. We investigated whether COX-2 overexpression in atypical hyperplasia is associated with the risk of subsequent breast cancer.COX-2 expression was assessed immunohistochemically in archival sections from 235 women with atypia whose biopsy specimens were obtained at the Mayo Clinic from January 1, 1967, through December 31, 1991. COX-2 expression was scored as 0 (negative), 1+ (weak), 2+ (moderate), or 3+ (strong). Risk factor information and follow-up for breast cancer events were obtained via a study questionnaire and the medical records. All statistical tests were two-sided.Forty-one (17%) of the 235 women developed breast cancer during a median follow-up of 15 years. Moderate (category 2+) or strong (category 3+) COX-2 expression was identified in 71 (30%) and 34 (14%) of the 235 samples, respectively. The risk for developing breast cancer, relative to a control population (the Iowa Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registry), increased with increasing COX-2 expression (relative risk [RR] = 2.63, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.56 to 4.15, for those with negative or weak COX-2 expression; RR = 3.56, 95% CI = 1.94 to 5.97, for those with moderate expression; and RR = 5.66, 95% CI = 2.59 to 10.75, for those with strong expression; P = .07). Overexpression of COX-2 was statistically significantly associated with the type of atypia (lobular vs ductal, P.001), number of foci of atypia in the biopsy (P = .02), and older age at time of biopsy (45 years, P = .01).COX-2 appears to be a biomarker that further stratifies breast cancer risk among women with atypia and may be a relevant target for chemoprevention strategies.
- Subjects :
- Adult
Oncology
Cancer Research
medicine.medical_specialty
Breast Hyperplasia
Breast Neoplasms
Risk Assessment
Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic
Atypical hyperplasia
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Breast cancer
Predictive Value of Tests
Risk Factors
Internal medicine
medicine
Atypia
Humans
Breast
Risk factor
Aged
030304 developmental biology
Aged, 80 and over
Gynecology
0303 health sciences
Hyperplasia
business.industry
Incidence
Cancer
Middle Aged
medicine.disease
3. Good health
Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
Cyclooxygenase 2
Research Design
030220 oncology & carcinogenesis
Female
Breast disease
business
Precancerous Conditions
Follow-Up Studies
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 14602105 and 00278874
- Volume :
- 100
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....3713a2ba3dfc7eb65f029368665fc9a6