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Relationship of Parasites and Pathologies to Contaminant Body Burden in Sentinel Bivalves: NOAA Status and Trends ‘Mussel Watch' Program

Authors :
Terry L. Wade
Bob J. Presley
Eric N. Powell
Yungkul Kim
Haskin Shellfish Research Laboratory Rutgers University 6959 Miller Ave Port Norris NJ 08349-3167
Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey [New Brunswick] (RU)
Rutgers University System (Rutgers)-Rutgers University System (Rutgers)
Geochemical and Environmental Research Group Texas A&M University 833 Graham Road College Station
Texas A&M University [College Station]
Department of Oceanography, Texas A&M University
Source :
Marine Environmental Research, Marine Environmental Research, Elsevier science, 2008, 65 (2), pp.101. ⟨10.1016/j.marenvres.2007.09.003⟩
Publication Year :
2008
Publisher :
HAL CCSD, 2008.

Abstract

The 1995-1998 database from NOAA's National Status and Trends 'Mussel Watch' Program was used to compare the distributional patterns of parasites and pathologies with contaminant body burdens. Principal components analysis (PCA) resolved five groups of contaminants in both mussels and oysters: one dominated by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), one dominated by pesticides, and three dominated by metals. Metals produced a much more complex picture of spatial trends in body burden than did either the pesticides or PAHs. Contrasted to the relative simplicity of the contaminant groupings, PCA exposed a suite of parasite/pathology groups with few similarities between the sentinel bivalve taxa. Thus, the relationship between parasites/pathologies and contaminants differs significantly between taxa despite the similarity in contaminant pattern. Moreover, the combined effects of many contaminants and parasites may be important, leading to complex biological-contaminant interactions with synergies both of biological and chemical origin. Overall, correlations between parasites/pathologies and contaminants were more frequent with metals, frequent with pesticides, and less frequent with PAHs in mussels. In oysters, correlations with pesticides and metals were about equally frequent, but correlations with PAHs were still rare. In mytilids, correlations with metals predominated. Negative and positive correlations with metals occurred with about the same frequency in both taxa. The majority of correlations with pesticides were negative in oysters; not so for mytilids. Of the many significant correlations involving parasites, few involved single-celled eukaryotes or prokaryotes. The vast majority involved multi-cellular eukaryotes and nearly all of them either cestodes, trematode sporocysts, or trematode metacercariae. The few correlations for single-celled parasites all involved proliferating protozoa or protozoa reaching high body burdens through transmission. The tendency for the larger or more numerous parasites to be involved suggests that unequal sequestration of contaminates between host and parasite tissue is a potential mediator. An alternative is that contaminants differentially affect parasites and their hosts by varying host susceptibility or parasite survival.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
01411136 and 18790291
Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
Marine Environmental Research, Marine Environmental Research, Elsevier science, 2008, 65 (2), pp.101. ⟨10.1016/j.marenvres.2007.09.003⟩
Accession number :
edsair.doi.dedup.....356706f51cd3753f1d7297311b1e53f5
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2007.09.003⟩