Aspirin alleviates hepatic fibrosis by suppressing hepatic stellate cells activation via the TLR4/NF-κB pathway

Hepatic fibrosis arises from a sustained wound-healing response to chronic liver injury. Because the occurrence and development of hepatic fibrosis is always associated with chronic inflammation, controlling inflammation within the liver may be an effective means of controlling the development and progression of hepatic fibrosis. Aspirin is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug used to relieve both inflammatory symptoms and pain. The results of our study showed that aspirin significantly attenuated hepatic inflammation and fibrosis. Aspirin effectively inhibited the activation and proliferation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), which led to downregulation of inflammatory factors, including IL-6 and TNF-α in those cells. Aspirin also downregulated expression of Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4) on HSCs, as well as its downstream mediators, MyD88 and NF-κB. The results of our study demonstrate aspirin's potential to inhibit the development of hepatic fibrosis and the molecular mechanism by which it acts. They suggest aspirin may be an effective therapeutic agent for the treatment of hepatic fibrosis.