The insulin-related ovarian regulatory system in health and disease

I. Introduction II. Insulin and Insulin Receptor A. Structures of insulin and insulin receptor B. Presence of insulin and insulin receptor in the ovary C. Insulin action and the ovary D. Summary III. IGFs and Their Receptors A. IGF peptides and receptors B. Expression of IGFs and IGF receptors in the ovary C. Role of IGFs in ovulatory function and steroidogenesis D. Summary IV. IGF-Binding Proteins (IGFBPs) and Proteases A. Structural relationships among IGFBPs B. IGFBP expression in the ovary C. IGFBP proteases in the ovary D. IGFBP actions in the ovary E. Role of IGFBPs in follicular development and atresia F. Summary V. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) A. Clinical features B. Theories of pathogenesis C. Insulin resistance in PCOS D. Alterations of IGFs and IGFBPs in PCOS E. Summary VI. The Insulin-Related Ovarian Regulatory System: Implications for Therapy A. Treatment of PCOS B. Therapeutic use of IGF-I and IGF-II C. Use of GH in ovulation induction VII. Summary and Conclusions