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Photosynthesis: basics, history and modelling
- Source :
- Ann Bot
- Publication Year :
- 2019
- Publisher :
- Oxford University Press, 2019.
-
Abstract
- BackgroundWith limited agricultural land and increasing human population, it is essential to enhance overall photosynthesis and thus productivity. Oxygenic photosynthesis begins with light absorption, followed by excitation energy transfer to the reaction centres, primary photochemistry, electron and proton transport, NADPH and ATP synthesis, and then CO2 fixation (Calvin–Benson cycle, as well as Hatch–Slack cycle). Here we cover some of the discoveries related to this process, such as the existence of two light reactions and two photosystems connected by an electron transport ‘chain’ (the Z-scheme), chemiosmotic hypothesis for ATP synthesis, water oxidation clock for oxygen evolution, steps for carbon fixation, and finally the diverse mechanisms of regulatory processes, such as ‘state transitions’ and ‘non-photochemical quenching’ of the excited state of chlorophyll a.ScopeIn this review, we emphasize that mathematical modelling is a highly valuable tool in understanding and making predictions regarding photosynthesis. Different mathematical models have been used to examine current theories on diverse photosynthetic processes; these have been validated through simulation(s) of available experimental data, such as chlorophyll a fluorescence induction, measured with fluorometers using continuous (or modulated) exciting light, and absorbance changes at 820 nm (ΔA820) related to redox changes in P700, the reaction centre of photosystem I.ConclusionsWe highlight here the important role of modelling in deciphering and untangling complex photosynthesis processes taking place simultaneously, as well as in predicting possible ways to obtain higher biomass and productivity in plants, algae and cyanobacteria.
- Subjects :
- 0106 biological sciences
0301 basic medicine
Chlorophyll
Chlorophyll a
Light
Population
Reviews
Plant Science
Biology
Photosynthesis
01 natural sciences
Electron Transport
03 medical and health sciences
chemistry.chemical_compound
Proton transport
Humans
Light-independent reactions
Biomass
education
Photosystem
education.field_of_study
P700
Chlorophyll A
Photosystem II Protein Complex
Water
Oxygen
030104 developmental biology
chemistry
Biological system
010606 plant biology & botany
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Ann Bot
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....33c1b7de88ad6febed089d568a6b5dde