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Antibodies elicited by SARS-CoV-2 infection or mRNA vaccines have reduced neutralizing activity against Beta and Omicron pseudoviruses

Authors :
Benjamin L. Sievers
Saborni Chakraborty
Yong Xue
Terri Gelbart
Joseph C. Gonzalez
Arianna G. Cassidy
Yarden Golan
Mary Prahl
Stephanie L. Gaw
Prabhu S. Arunachalam
Catherine A. Blish
Scott D. Boyd
Mark M. Davis
Prasanna Jagannathan
Kari C. Nadeau
Bali Pulendran
Upinder Singh
Richard H. Scheuermann
Matthew B. Frieman
Sanjay Vashee
Taia T. Wang
Gene S. Tan
Source :
Science translational medicine, vol 14, iss 634, Sci Transl Med
Publication Year :
2022
Publisher :
eScholarship, University of California, 2022.

Abstract

Multiple severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants that have mutations associated with increased transmission and antibody escape have arisen over the course of the current pandemic. Although the current vaccines have largely been effective against past variants, the number of mutations found on the Omicron (B.1.1.529) spike protein appear to diminish the protection conferred by preexisting immunity. Using vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) pseudoparticles expressing the spike protein of several SARS-CoV-2 variants, we evaluated the magnitude and breadth of the neutralizing antibody response over time in individuals after infection and in mRNA-vaccinated individuals. We observed that boosting increases the magnitude of the antibody response to wild-type (D614), Beta, Delta, and Omicron variants; however, the Omicron variant was the most resistant to neutralization. We further observed that vaccinated healthy adults had robust and broad antibody responses, whereas responses may have been reduced in vaccinated pregnant women, underscoring the importance of learning how to maximize mRNA vaccine responses in pregnant populations. Findings from this study show substantial heterogeneity in the magnitude and breadth of responses after infection and mRNA vaccination and may support the addition of more conserved viral antigens to existing SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.

Details

Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
Science translational medicine, vol 14, iss 634, Sci Transl Med
Accession number :
edsair.doi.dedup.....334fda2360b0c1bb8ad6398ec7212da7