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Salivary proteome of a Neotropical primate: potential roles in host defense and oral food perception
- Source :
- PeerJ, Vol 8, p e9489 (2020), PeerJ
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- PeerJ Inc., 2020.
-
Abstract
- BackgroundSaliva contains a very complex mixture of proteins for defense against microbiological pathogens and for oral food perception. Howler monkeys are Neotropical primates that can consume a mostly leaf diet. They are well known to thrive in highly disturbed habitats where they may cope with a diversity of dietary challenges and infection risks. We aimed to describe the salivary proteome of howlers to contribute to better understanding of their physiology.MethodsWe analyzed the salivary proteins of wild black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra), by SDS-PAGE-1-D and Nano LC-MS/MS and categorized them by their function involved in host defense and oral food perception.ResultsOur proteomic analysis identified 156 proteins in howler saliva including a number of host defense peptides that are the first line of defense in mammals, such as defensin, cathelicidin, dermcidin, and lactotransferrin, and proteins with anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, and anti-viral capacity, such as IgA, IgG, IgM, BPI, salivary heat shock 70 kDa protein, beta-2-microbulin, and protein S-100. We also identified key proteins necessary for taste perception, including salivary carbonic anhydrase VI, cystatin D, IgA, and fatty acid-binding protein. Proteins to detect astringent foods were identifying, including four members of cystatins (A, B, C and D), lactoperoxidase, and histidine-rich proteins. No chitinase and amylase were identified as would be expected because howlers do not eat insects and little starch. These findings provide basic information to future studies in oral biology, ingestive physiology, and physiological ecology of mammals and non-human primates.
- Subjects :
- Veterinary Medicine
Primates
Saliva
medicine.medical_treatment
Salivary proteome
lcsh:Medicine
Howler monkeys
General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Cathelicidin
Microbiology
03 medical and health sciences
biology.animal
medicine
0501 psychology and cognitive sciences
Primate
Host-defense
050102 behavioral science & comparative psychology
Amylase
Defensin
030304 developmental biology
0303 health sciences
biology
Animal Behavior
Host (biology)
General Neuroscience
05 social sciences
lcsh:R
General Medicine
Lactotransferrin
Anthropology
biology.protein
General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Zoology
Function (biology)
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 21678359
- Volume :
- 8
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- PeerJ
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....32c1e4b3620011d408b333f1af71b642