First occurrence of cylindrospermopsin in Portugal: a contribution to its continuous global dispersal

Cylindrospermopsin (CYN) was found to occur in Portugal for the first time. In this study CYN values varied from a minimum of 1.4 μg L−1 to a maximum of 12 μg L−1 detected through HPLC technique and confirmed by LC-MS method. Amplification of the cyrC gene was done and was confirmed to be from the genera Aphanizomenon. This study is therefore an important contribution to the knowledge on the dispersal and biogeography of CYN. © 2017 This research was partially supported by the Strategic Funding UID/Multi/04423/2013 through national funds provided by Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT) and European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) in the framework of the program PT2020, by the European Structural and Investment Funds (ESIF) through the Competitiveness and Internationalization Operational Program - COMPETE 2020 and by National Funds through the FCT under the projects PTDC/AAG-GLO/6887/2014 (POCI-01-0124-FEDER-016845) and PTDC/AAG-GLO/2317/2014, and by the Structured Program of R&D&I INNOVMAR - Innovation and Sustainability in the Management and Exploitation of Marine Resources (reference NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000035, Research Lines NOVELMAR and ECOSERVICES), funded by the Northern Regional Operational Program (NORTE2020) through the ERDF.