The impact of carperitide usage on the cost of hospitalization and outcome in patients with acute heart failure: High value care vs. low value care campaign in Japan

The usefulness of carperitide in patients with acute heart failure (AHF) has not been confirmed; carperitide is expensive, and thus, its routine use has not been shown to add much value in clinical settings. We analyzed the impact of carperitide usage on the outcome and cost of hospitalization in AHF patients.Data obtained from the Diagnosis Procedure Combination (DPC) database from July 2014 until June 2015 from 371 hospitals were analyzed. Emergent patients with acute heart failure (ICD code I50* and DPC code 050130) who did not undergo any surgical procedures were enrolled. We compared the outcomes and cost between the carperitide group and non-carperitide group using propensity score matched analysis.In 37,891 heart failure patients (52.2% male; 79.2±11.9years), 13,421 pairs were selected according to the propensity score matching. In-hospital death occurred more frequently in the carperitide group (n=997; 7.4%) than in the non-carperitide group (n=844; 6.3%; p0.01). Carperitide use was also related with higher costs of hospitalizations, and total dose of carperitide administered during hospitalization decreased with the increasing case volume (p0.01). On the other hand, carperitide usage was frequently recognized in hospitals with larger annual case volumes (32.1%, Q1; 37.3%, Q2; 40.7%, Q3, p-value0.01).Carperitide usage negatively affected patient outcomes and cost of hospitalization. In hospitals with lower annual case volume, clinicians should pay attention to the total dose and duration of carperitide. On the other hand, in hospitals with larger annual case volumes, clinicians should pay attention to the thresholds/indications to prescribe carperitide in AHF patients.