The regulation, functions, and signaling of miR-153 in neurological disorders and its potential as a biomarker and therapeutic target

Abstract: Treatment of neurological disorders has always been one of the challenges with which scientists are faced due to poor prognosis and symptom overlap, as well as the progress of the disease process. Neurological disorders such as Huntington’s, Parkinson's, Alzheimer's diseases, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis are very debilitating. Therefore, finding a biomarker is essential for early diagnosis and treatment goals. Recent studies have focused more on molecular factors and gene manipulation to find effective diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers. Among these factors, microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) have attracted a lot of attention. On the other hand, a growing correlation between miRNAs and neurological disorders has caused scientists to consider it as a diagnostic and therapeutic target. In this line, the miR-153 is one of the important and highly conserved miRNAs in mice and humans, whose expression level is altered in neurological disorders and also improves neurogenesis. MiR-153 can regulate multiple biological processes by targeting various factors. Furthermore, miR-153 expression also can be regulated by important regulators, such as long non-coding RNAs (e.g., KCNQ1OT1), and some compounds (e.g., Tanshinone IIA), altering the expression of miR-153. Given the growing interest in miR-153 as a biomarker and therapeutic target for neurological diseases as well as the lack of comprehensive investigation of miR-153 function in these disorders, it is necessary to identify the downstream and upstream targets and also it's potential as a therapeutic biomarker target. In this review, we will discuss the critical role of miR-153 in neurological disorders for novel diagnostic and prognostic purposes, and also its role in multi-drug resistance.