The causal relationship between road density and parking occupancy

In order to alleviate traffic congestion-parking challenges, this research investigates the causal relationship between road density and parking occupancy. We use Granger causality tests based on vector error correction modeling. During the daily period of twelve consecutive hours, data were collected on road density and parking occupancy in a parking lot and on-street parking in Tunis city center. The empirical results highlight that the dominant type of Granger causality is unidirectional. Hence, we conclude that there is an endogenous relationship between road density and parking occupancy. The findings of this study indicate a need to rethink policy and can be incorporated into modeling parking.