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Body iron and lead status in early childhood and its effects on development and cognition: a longitudinal study from urban Vellore
- Source :
- Public Health Nutrition
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- Cambridge University Press, 2020.
-
Abstract
- Objective:Early childhood factors can have persisting effects on development and cognition in children. We propose to explore the trends of Fe deficiency and Pb toxicity in early childhood and their association with child development at 2 years of age and cognition at 5 years.Design:Longitudinal birth cohort study.Setting:Urban slum, Vellore, India.Participants:Children enrolled at birth were followed up regularly in the first 2 years with developmental and cognitive assessments at 2 and 5 years of age, respectively.Results:The birth cohort enrolled 251 children with 228 children followed up at 2 years and 212 at 5 years of age. Fe deficiency (ID) was highest at 15 months of age and improved subsequently at 24 months. Blood Pb levels (BLL) remained high at all age groups with an increasing trend with age; 97 % at 36 months having high BLL. Persistent high mean BLL at 15 and 24 months had negative association with both cognition and expressive language raw scores of 24 months, while high mean BLL at 15, 24 and 36 months had no significant association with any of the domains of cognition at 5 years of age. Early childhood cumulative body Fe status at 7, 15 and 24 months did not show any association with child development at 2 years, but was associated with verbal, performance and processing speed components of cognition at 5 years.Conclusions:Optimising body Fe status and limiting Pb exposure in early childhood can augment child development and school entry cognition.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
Male
Longitudinal study
Urban Population
Iron
Medicine (miscellaneous)
India
Negative association
Body iron
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Cognition
Child Development
Poverty Areas
Lead Status
Medicine
Humans
030212 general & internal medicine
Early childhood
Longitudinal Studies
Child nutrition
Nutritional Status and Body Composition
030109 nutrition & dietetics
Nutrition and Dietetics
business.industry
Iron deficiency
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Infant, Newborn
Pb toxicity
Infant
Lead toxicity
Child development
Lead
Child, Preschool
Female
business
Child Language
Demography
Research Paper
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 14752727 and 13689800
- Volume :
- 23
- Issue :
- 11
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Public Health Nutrition
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....2f47a6fe7e1c53ef4f065adfef8d24a0