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Safety, tolerability and antiviral activity of the antisense oligonucleotide bepirovirsen in patients with chronic hepatitis B: a phase 2 randomized controlled trial
- Source :
- Nature Medicine, Cell Reports Medicine
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- Nature Publishing Group US, 2021.
-
Abstract
- Chronic infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) leads to an increased risk of death from cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Functional cure rates are low with current treatment options (nucleos(t)ide analogs (NAs) and pegylated interferons). Bepirovirsen is an antisense oligonucleotide targeting all HBV messenger RNAs; in cell culture and animal models, bepirovirsen leads to reductions in HBV-derived RNAs, HBV DNA and viral proteins. This phase 2 double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled trial is the first evaluation of the safety and activity of an antisense oligonucleotide targeting HBV RNA in both treatment-naïve and virally suppressed individuals with chronic HBV infection. The primary objective was to assess the safety and tolerability of bepirovirsen in individuals with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) (NCT02981602). The secondary objective was to assess antiviral activity, including the change from baseline to day 29 in serum hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) concentration. Participants with CHB infection ≥6 months and serum HBsAg ≥50 IU ml−1 were enrolled from seven centers across Hong Kong and the Republic of Korea and randomized (3:1 within each dose cohort) to receive bepirovirsen or placebo via subcutaneous injection twice weekly during weeks 1 and 2 (days 1, 4, 8 and 11) and once weekly during weeks 3 and 4 (days 15 and 22). Participants were then followed for 26 weeks. Twenty-four participants were treatment-naïve and seven were receiving stable NA therapy. Treatment-emergent adverse events were mostly mild/moderate (most commonly injection site reactions). Eleven (61.1%) and three (50.0%) treatment-naïve participants experienced one or more treatment-emergent adverse event in the bepirovirsen and placebo groups, respectively. In participants receiving NA therapy, the corresponding numbers were three (60.0%) and one (50.0%). Transient, self-resolving alanine aminotransferase flares (≥2× upper limit of normal) were observed in eight treatment-naïve participants and three participants on stable NA regimens in the bepirovirsen treatment arms. HBsAg reductions were observed and were significant versus placebo for treatment-naïve participants receiving bepirovirsen 300 mg (P = 0.001), but not for the bepirovirsen 150 mg group (P = 0.245) or participants receiving stable NA therapy (P = 0.762). Two participants in each of the 300 mg dose groups achieved HBsAg levels below the lower limit of quantitation by day 29 (n = 3) or day 36 (n = 1). Bepirovirsen had a favorable safety profile. These preliminary observations warrant further investigation of the safety and activity of bepirovirsen in a larger CHB patient population.<br />A first-in-human study of an antisense oligonucleotide targeting hepatitis B virus (HBV) RNA provides initial insights into this potential new therapeutic modality for individuals with chronic HBV infection.
- Subjects :
- Adult
Male
medicine.medical_specialty
HBsAg
Hepatitis B virus
Adolescent
Diseases
Placebo
medicine.disease_cause
Gastroenterology
Antiviral Agents
General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Article
law.invention
Polyethylene Glycols
Placebos
Young Adult
Hepatitis B, Chronic
Randomized controlled trial
law
Internal medicine
Republic of Korea
medicine
Humans
Spotlight
Adverse effect
Hepatitis B Surface Antigens
business.industry
General Medicine
Hepatitis B
Middle Aged
Oligonucleotides, Antisense
medicine.disease
Tolerability
Hepatocellular carcinoma
Infectious diseases
Drug Therapy, Combination
Female
business
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1546170X, 10788956, and 02981602
- Volume :
- 27
- Issue :
- 10
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Nature Medicine
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....2ee63e356dfb8c2df2abc6ba2ec04af2