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Fast propagation regions cause self-sustained reentry in excitable media
- Source :
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 114(6)
- Publication Year :
- 2017
-
Abstract
- Self-sustained waves of electrophysiological activity can cause arrhythmia in the heart. These reentrant excitations have been associated with spiral waves circulating around either an anatomically defined weakly conducting region or a functionally determined core. Recently, an ablation procedure has been clinically introduced that stops atrial fibrillation of the heart by destroying the electrical activity at the spiral core. This is puzzling because the tissue at the anatomically defined spiral core would already be weakly conducting, and a further decrease should not improve the situation. In the case of a functionally determined core, an ablation procedure should even further stabilize the rotating wave. The efficacy of the procedure thus needs explanation. Here, we show theoretically that fundamentally in any excitable medium a region with a propagation velocity faster than its surrounding can act as a nucleation center for reentry and can anchor an induced spiral wave. Our findings demonstrate a mechanistic underpinning for the recently developed ablation procedure. Our theoretical results are based on a very general and widely used two-component model of an excitable medium. Moreover, the important control parameters used to realize conditions for the discovered phenomena are applicable to quite different multicomponent models.
- Subjects :
- medicine.medical_treatment
030204 cardiovascular system & hematology
01 natural sciences
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
0103 physical sciences
medicine
Humans
010306 general physics
Control parameters
Physics
Excitable medium
Multidisciplinary
Brain
Arrhythmias, Cardiac
Heart
Mechanics
Reentry
Models, Theoretical
Ablation
Electrophysiological Phenomena
Core (optical fiber)
Reentrancy
Spiral wave
Physical Sciences
Spiral (railway)
Biomedical engineering
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 10916490
- Volume :
- 114
- Issue :
- 6
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....2e4575b6d668c0ec50dcbf23b599f3d0