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Home life: factors structuring the bacterial diversity found within and between homes
- Source :
- PLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 5, p e64133 (2013), PLoS ONE
- Publication Year :
- 2013
- Publisher :
- Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2013.
-
Abstract
- Most of our time is spent indoors where we are exposed to a wide array of different microorganisms living on surfaces and in the air of our homes. Despite their ubiquity and abundance, we have a limited understanding of the microbial diversity found within homes and how the composition and diversity of microbial communities change across different locations within the home. Here we examined the diversity of bacterial communities found in nine distinct locations within each of forty homes in the Raleigh-Durham area of North Carolina, USA, using high-throughput sequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. We found that each of the sampled locations harbored bacterial communities that were distinct from one another with surfaces that are regularly cleaned typically harboring lower levels of diversity than surfaces that are cleaned infrequently. These location-specific differences in bacterial communities could be directly related to usage patterns and differences in the likely sources of bacteria dispersed onto these locations. Finally, we examined whether the variability across homes in bacterial diversity could be attributed to outdoor environmental factors, indoor habitat structure, or the occupants of the home. We found that the presence of dogs had a significant effect on bacterial community composition in multiple locations within homes as the homes occupied by dogs harbored more diverse communities and higher relative abundances of dog-associated bacterial taxa. Furthermore, we found a significant correlation between the types of bacteria deposited on surfaces outside the home and those found inside the home, highlighting that microbes from outside the home can have a direct effect on the microbial communities living on surfaces within our homes. Together this work provides the first comprehensive analysis of the microbial communities found in the home and the factors that shape the structure of these communities both within and between homes.
- Subjects :
- media_common.quotation_subject
Microbial diversity
Science
Immunology
Biodiversity
Biology
Microbiology
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Microbial Ecology
RNA, Transfer
Residence Characteristics
Abundance (ecology)
North Carolina
Urban Ecology
Community Structure
media_common
Multidisciplinary
Ecology
Bacteria
Allergy and Hypersensitivity
Community structure
High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing
Biota
Community Ecology
Biogeography
Community composition
Habitat
Genes, Bacterial
Bacterial 16S rRNA
Medicine
Research Article
Diversity (politics)
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 19326203
- Volume :
- 8
- Issue :
- 5
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- PLoS ONE
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....2d349bc9e9ffda3ac10f508d128503c4