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Patterns of Omega-3 and Omega-6 Fatty Acid Dietary Intake and Melanoma Thickness at Diagnosis
- Source :
- Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 2020, 29 (8), pp.1647-1653. ⟨10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-20-0319⟩
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- HAL CCSD, 2020.
-
Abstract
- Background: Experimental evidence suggests that dietary intakes of omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids have divergent effects on melanoma growth, but epidemiologic evidence on their combined effect is lacking. Methods: In 634 Australian patients with primary melanoma, we assessed prediagnosis consumption of 39 food groups by food frequency questionnaires completed within 2 months of diagnosis. We derived, by reduced rank regression, dietary patterns that explained variability in selected omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acid intakes. Prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between tertiles of dietary patterns and melanoma thickness >2 mm versus ≤2 mm were estimated using Poisson regression. Results: Overall omega-3 fatty acid intakes were low. Two major fatty acid dietary patterns were identified: “meat, fish, and fat,” positively correlated with intakes of all fatty acids; and “fish, low-meat, and low-fat,” positively correlated with long-chain omega-3 fatty acid intake, and inversely with medium-chain omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acid intakes. Prevalence of thick melanomas was significantly higher in those in the highest compared with lowest tertile of the “meat, fish, and fat” pattern (PR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.01–1.94), especially those with serious comorbidity (PR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.15–2.92) or a family history (PR, 2.32; 95% CI, 1.00–5.35). The “fish, low-meat, and low-fat” pattern was not associated with melanoma thickness. Conclusions: People with high meat, fish, and fat intakes, who thus consumed relatively high levels of omega-3 and high omega-6 fatty acid intakes, are more likely to be diagnosed with thick than thin melanomas. Impact: High omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acid intakes may contribute to patients' presentation with thick melanomas.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
Male
medicine.medical_specialty
Epidemiology
Colorectal cancer
medicine.medical_treatment
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Population
Gastroenterology
fatty acids
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Internal medicine
Fatty Acids, Omega-6
Fatty Acids, Omega-3
medicine
Hyperinsulinemia
melanoma
Humans
education
2. Zero hunger
chemistry.chemical_classification
education.field_of_study
(5): dietary patterns
omega-3 fatty acids
business.industry
Dietary intake
Insulin
Melanoma
medicine.disease
Confidence interval
omega-6 fatty acids
030104 developmental biology
Oncology
chemistry
030220 oncology & carcinogenesis
Omega-6 fatty acid
Female
business
reduced rank regression
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 15387755
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 2020, 29 (8), pp.1647-1653. ⟨10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-20-0319⟩
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....2c87324bc0e59170e09b06664339b366