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Theanine, Antistress Amino Acid in Tea Leaves, Causes Hippocampal Metabolic Changes and Antidepressant Effects in Stress-Loaded Mice
- Source :
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Volume 22, Issue 1, International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 193, p 193 (2021)
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 2020.
-
Abstract
- By comprehensively measuring changes in metabolites in the hippocampus of stress-loaded mice, we investigated the reasons for stress vulnerability and the effect of theanine, i.e., an abundant amino acid in tea leaves, on the metabolism. Stress sensitivity was higher in senescence-accelerated mouse prone 10 (SAMP10) mice than in normal ddY mice when these mice were loaded with stress on the basis of territorial consciousness in males. Group housing was used as the low-stress condition reference. Among the statistically altered metabolites, depression-related kynurenine and excitability-related histamine were significantly higher in SAMP10 mice than in ddY mice. In contrast, carnosine, which has antidepressant-like activity, and ornithine, which has antistress effects, were significantly lower in SAMP10 mice than in ddY mice. The ingestion of theanine, an excellent antistress amino acid, modulated the levels of kynurenine, histamine, and carnosine only in the stress-loaded SAMP10 mice and not in the group-housing mice. Depression-like behavior was suppressed in mice that had ingested theanine only under stress loading. Taken together, changes in these metabolites, such as kynurenine, histamine, carnosine, and ornithine, were suggested to be associated with the stress vulnerability and depression-like behavior of stressed SAMP10 mice. It was also shown that theanine action appears in the metabolism of mice only under stress loading.
- Subjects :
- Male
medicine.medical_specialty
Drug Evaluation, Preclinical
Carnosine
Histidine Decarboxylase
Hippocampus
Catalysis
Camellia sinensis
Article
Inorganic Chemistry
lcsh:Chemistry
chemistry.chemical_compound
Mice
stress
Glutamates
Internal medicine
medicine
Hippocampus (mythology)
Animals
Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase
Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
Molecular Biology
lcsh:QH301-705.5
Spectroscopy
chemistry.chemical_classification
Arginase
Depression
Organic Chemistry
SAMP10
General Medicine
Metabolism
Ornithine
Theanine
histamine
Tryptophan Oxygenase
theanine
Computer Science Applications
Amino acid
kynurenine
carnosine
Endocrinology
chemistry
lcsh:Biology (General)
lcsh:QD1-999
ornithine
Kynurenine
Histamine
Stress, Psychological
Phytotherapy
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 14220067
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....2b6e5be1a125d009ee55bdf5b2ace965
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22010193