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Insights into Mechanistic Models for Evaporation of Organic Liquids in the Environment Obtained by Position-Specific Carbon Isotope Analysis
- Source :
- Environmental Science and Technology, Environmental Science and Technology, 2015, 49 (21), pp.12782-12788. ⟨10.1021/acs.est.5b03280⟩, Environmental Science and Technology, American Chemical Society, 2015, 49 (21), pp.12782-12788. ⟨10.1021/acs.est.5b03280⟩
- Publication Year :
- 2015
- Publisher :
- American Chemical Society (ACS), 2015.
-
Abstract
- International audience; Position-specific isotope effects (PSIEs) have been measured by isotope ratio monitoring C-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry during the evaporation of 10 liquids of different polarities under 4 evaporation modes (passive evaporation, air-vented evaporation, low pressure evaporation, distillation). The observed effects are used to assess the validity of the Craig-Gordon isotope model for organic liquids. For seven liquids the overall isotope effect (IE) includes a vapor-liquid contribution that is strongly position specific in polar compounds but less so in apolar compounds and a diffusive IE that is not position-specific, except in the alcohols, ethanol and propan-1-ol. The diffusive IE is diminished under forced evaporation. The position-specific isotope pattern created by liquid-vapor IEs is manifest in five liquids, which have an air-side limitation for volatilization. For the alcohols, undefined processes in the liquid phase create additional PSIEs. Three other liquids with limitations on the liquid side have a lower, highly position-specific, bulk diffusive IE. It is concluded that evaporation of organic pollutants creates unique position-specific isotope patterns that may be used to assess the progress of remediation or natural attenuation of pollution and that the Craig-Gordon isotope model is valid for the volatilization of nonpolar organic liquids with air-side limitation of the volatilization rate.
- Subjects :
- Methyl Ethers
Analytical chemistry
Evaporation
Environment
Heptanes
law.invention
Acetone
chemistry.chemical_compound
law
Kinetic isotope effect
Pressure
[CHIM]Chemical Sciences
Environmental Chemistry
Organic chemistry
Organic Chemicals
Distillation
Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics
Carbon Isotopes
Volatilisation
Isotope
Methanol
Chemical polarity
General Chemistry
Models, Theoretical
Hydrocarbons, Brominated
Condensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matter
Models, Chemical
chemistry
13. Climate action
Isotopes of carbon
Gases
Volatilization
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 15205851 and 0013936X
- Volume :
- 49
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Environmental Science & Technology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....273b90e348d4cb5f9ce5ef853e5dfa34