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Long term mortality in critically ill burn survivors
- Source :
- Burns. 43:1155-1162
- Publication Year :
- 2017
- Publisher :
- Elsevier BV, 2017.
-
Abstract
- Introduction Little is known about long term survival risk factors in critically ill burn patients who survive hospitalization. We hypothesized that patients with major burns who survive hospitalization would have favorable long term outcomes. Methods We performed a two center observational cohort study in 365 critically ill adult burn patients who survived to hospital discharge. The exposure of interest was major burn defined a priori as >20% total body surface area burned [TBSA]. The modified Baux score was determined by age + %TBSA+ 17(inhalational injury). The primary outcome was all-cause 5 year mortality based on the US Social Security Administration Death Master File. Adjusted associations were estimated through fitting of multivariable logistic regression models. Our final model included adjustment for inhalational injury, presence of 3rd degree burn, gender and the acute organ failure score, a validated ICU risk-prediction score derived from age, ethnicity, surgery vs. medical patient type, comorbidity, sepsis and acute organ failure covariates. Time-to-event analysis was performed using Cox proportional hazard regression. Results Of the cohort patients studied, 76% were male, 29% were non white, 14% were over 65, 32% had TBSA >20%, and 45% had inhalational injury. The mean age was 45, 92% had 2nd degree burns, 60% had 3rd degree burns, 21% received vasopressors, and 26% had sepsis. The mean TBSA was 20.1%. The mean modified Baux score was 72.8. Post hospital discharge 5 year mortality rate was 9.0%. The 30 day hospital readmission rate was 4%. Patients with major burns were significantly younger (41 vs. 47 years) had a significantly higher modified Baux score (89 vs. 62), and had significantly higher comorbidity, acute organ failure, inhalational injury and sepsis (all P 2 P = 0.67). Cox proportional hazard multivariable regression modeling, adjusting for inhalational injury, presence of 3rd degree burn, gender and the acute organ failure score, showed that major burn was predictive of lower mortality following hospital admission [HR = 0.34 (95% CI 0.15–0.76; P = 0.009)]. The modified Baux score was not predictive for mortality following hospital discharge [OR 5 year post-discharge mortality = 1.00 (95%CI 0.99–1.02; P = 0.74); HR for post-discharge mortality = 1.00 (95% CI 0.99–1.02; P = 0.55)]. Conclusions Critically ill patients with major burns who survive to hospital discharge have decreased 5 year mortality compared to those with less severe burns. ICU Burn unit patients who survive to hospital discharge are younger with less comorbidities. The observed relationship is likely due to the relatively higher physiological reserve present in those who survive a Burn ICU course which may provide for a survival advantage during recovery after major burn.
- Subjects :
- Male
Body Surface Area
Organ Dysfunction Scores
Comorbidity
Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine
Cohort Studies
0302 clinical medicine
Risk Factors
Cause of Death
Medicine
Survivors
030212 general & internal medicine
APACHE
Trauma Severity Indices
Mortality rate
General Medicine
Middle Aged
Smoke Inhalation Injury
Hospitalization
Master file
Cohort
Emergency Medicine
Female
Burns
Cohort study
Adult
medicine.medical_specialty
Adolescent
Critical Illness
Patient Readmission
Risk Assessment
Young Adult
03 medical and health sciences
Sepsis
Internal medicine
Humans
Mortality
Proportional Hazards Models
Retrospective Studies
business.industry
Proportional hazards model
Baux score
030208 emergency & critical care medicine
Retrospective cohort study
Surgery
Logistic Models
Social Class
Multivariate Analysis
business
Total body surface area
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 03054179
- Volume :
- 43
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Burns
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....26a2a1c999db1bad314f616b8cdda11f