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Guidelines for emergy evaluation of first, second and third generation biofuels
- Source :
- Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 66:221-227
- Publication Year :
- 2016
- Publisher :
- Elsevier BV, 2016.
-
Abstract
- Due to growing interest in biofuels as alternative renewable energy sources, several recent studies have assessed the sustainability of their production. Emergy is a widely used environmental indicator for this purpose, as it counts exploitation of natural resources and direct and indirect solar energy requirements of biofuel production. Depending on whether a biofuel is first, second or third generation, its production system differs in nature and the indications derived from emergy evaluations vary as well. This article aims to provide guidelines on how to interpret and properly use the results of emergy evaluation of first, second and third generation biofuels. These guidelines are useful for correct emergy assessment of biofuels and clarify the actual meaning of emergy evaluation outcomes.
- Subjects :
- Engineering
020209 energy
02 engineering and technology
Guidelines
Emergy
Biofuel generation
Biofuels
Biorefinery
Emergy evaluation
Sustainability
Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
Production (economics)
Renewable Energy
Exploitation of natural resources
Sustainability and the Environment
business.industry
Environmental resource management
Environmental economics
Renewable energy
Biofuel
business
Environmental indicator
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 13640321
- Volume :
- 66
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....25df356ca4518ba8d7f0d65db29175f0
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.07.073