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The antigen-binding moiety in the driver's seat of CARs
- Publication Year :
- 2022
- Publisher :
- Wiley, 2022.
-
Abstract
- Immuno-oncology has been at the forefront of cancer treatment in recent decades. In particular immune checkpoint and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy have achieved spectacular results. Over the years, CAR-T cell development has followed a steady evolutionary path, focusing on increasing T cell potency and sustainability, which has given rise to different CAR generations. However, there was less focus on the mode of interaction between the CAR-T cell and the cancer cell; more specifically on the targeting moiety used in the CAR and its specific properties. Recently, the importance of optimizing this domain has been recognized and the possibilities have been exploited. Over the last 10 years-in addition to the classical scFv-based CARs-single domain CARs, natural receptor-ligand CARs, universal CARs and CARs targeting more than one antigen have emerged. In addition, the specific parameters of the targeting domain and their influence on T cell activation are being examined. In this review, we concisely present the history of CAR-T cell therapy, and then expand on various developments in the CAR ectodomain. We discuss different formats, each with their own advantages and disadvantages, as well as the developments in affinity tuning, avidity effects, epitope location, and influence of the extracellular spacer.
- Subjects :
- Computer science
medicine.medical_treatment
T cell
T-Lymphocytes
Computational biology
Immunotherapy, Adoptive
Epitope
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Neoplasms
Drug Discovery
medicine
Humans
030304 developmental biology
Pharmacology
0303 health sciences
Cell growth
T-cell receptor
Immunotherapy
Chimeric antigen receptor
Immune checkpoint
medicine.anatomical_structure
Ectodomain
030220 oncology & carcinogenesis
Molecular Medicine
human activities
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....248b2f19b76dfde4aa2827f1522e55ff