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Single-cell measurement of ammonium and bicarbonate uptake within a photosymbiotic bioeroding sponge
- Source :
- The ISME journal. 12(5)
- Publication Year :
- 2017
-
Abstract
- © 2018 International Society for Microbial Ecology. Some of the most aggressive coral-excavating sponges host intracellular dinoflagellates from the genus Symbiodinium, which are hypothesized to provide the sponges with autotrophic energy that powers bioerosion. Investigations of the contribution of Symbiodinium to host metabolism and particularly inorganic nutrient recycling are complicated, however, by the presence of alternative prokaryotic candidates for this role. Here, novel methods are used to study nutrient assimilation and transfer within and between the outer-layer cells of the Indopacific bioeroding sponge Cliona orientalis. Combining stable isotope labelling, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS), we visualize and measure metabolic activity at the individual cell level, tracking the fate of 15N-ammonium and 13C-bicarbonate within the intact holobiont. We found strong uptake of both inorganic sources (especially 13C-bicarbonate) by Symbiodinium cells. Labelled organic nutrients were translocated from Symbiodinium to the Symbiodinium-hosting sponge cells within 6 h, and occasionally to other sponge cells within 3 days. By contrast, prokaryotic symbionts were not observed to participate in inorganic nutrient assimilation in the outer layers of the sponge. Our findings strongly support the metabolic interaction between the sponge and dinoflagellates, shedding light on the ecological advantages and adaptive capacity of photosymbiotic bioeroding sponges in oligotrophic marine habitats.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
Microbiology
Article
03 medical and health sciences
chemistry.chemical_compound
Symbiodinium
Nutrient
Ammonium Compounds
Animals
Ammonium
Autotroph
Symbiosis
Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Ecosystem
biology
Coral Reefs
Bioerosion
Assimilation (biology)
biology.organism_classification
Porifera
Holobiont
Sponge
Bicarbonates
030104 developmental biology
chemistry
Biochemistry
Dinoflagellida
Single-Cell Analysis
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 17517370
- Volume :
- 12
- Issue :
- 5
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- The ISME journal
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....23bdfdf3f97ac451387241972a657b60