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Process simulation for Li-MnO2 primary battery recycling: Cryo-mechanical and hydrometallurgical treatments at pilot scale
- Source :
- Energies, Volume 13, Issue 17, Energies, Vol 13, Iss 4546, p 4546 (2020)
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- MDPI AG, 2020.
-
Abstract
- Li primary batteries are currently treated along with other Li batteries in several big pyro- metallurgical plants in Northern EU countries. Nevertheless, pyro-metallurgical processes do not allow for Mn and Li recycling and present negative environmental impacts, on the other hand hydrometallurgical processing can potentially ensure the integral recovery of all materials in Li primary batteries. In this work, preliminary experimental findings obtained in the LIFE-LIBAT project (LIFE16 ENV/IT/000389) are reported. In this project, end of life Li(0)-MnO2 batteries were cryo-mechanically treated and then the metals were recovered by a hydrometallurgical process. Representative samples of end of life Li(0) batteries were characterized by type and composition. Batteries were stabilized in an N2 bath and then crushed, sieved, and magnetically separated in the SEVal pilot units. Separated fractions (fine fraction, magnetic coarse fraction, and non-magnetic coarse fraction) were chemically characterized for target metal content (Li and Mn). Fractions were first treated for Li extraction and recovery, then the fine fraction was also leached for Mn recovery. Mass balances evidenced a 55% recycling rate and process simulations outlined profitability in the potentiality range in agreement with battery collection fluxes.
- Subjects :
- Battery (electricity)
Pilot scale demonstration
Control and Optimization
Materials science
Energy Engineering and Power Technology
Fraction (chemistry)
02 engineering and technology
010402 general chemistry
01 natural sciences
Eu countries
lcsh:Technology
Metal
Process simulation
Recycling
Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Li primary batteries
Engineering (miscellaneous)
Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
lcsh:T
Metallurgy
Extraction (chemistry)
Pilot scale
021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology
0104 chemical sciences
Primary battery
visual_art
visual_art.visual_art_medium
0210 nano-technology
Energy (miscellaneous)
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Energies, Volume 13, Issue 17, Energies, Vol 13, Iss 4546, p 4546 (2020)
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....23a9998c4383585e4e10ce49c23a8a4f