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Mentorship of Women in Academic Medicine: a Systematic Review
- Source :
- J Gen Intern Med
- Publication Year :
- 2019
- Publisher :
- Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2019.
-
Abstract
- BACKGROUND: Women remain underrepresented in academic medicine, particularly in leadership positions. This lack of women in leadership has been shown to have negative implications for both patient care and educational outcomes. Similarly, the literature demonstrates that female physicians are less likely to have mentors, despite the proven benefits of mentorship for career advancement. The objective of this review is to identify and describe models of mentorship for women in academic medicine. METHODS: We searched PubMed, PsycINFO, Education Resources Information Center, and Cochrane Databases of Systematic Reviews following PRISMA guidelines in June 2017. We included original English language studies that described a mentorship program in the USA that involved academic medical doctorates and that were created for women or provided results stratified by gender. RESULTS: Our search returned 3625 results; 3309 references remained after removal of duplicates. Twenty articles met inclusion criteria. The majority of the programs were designed for junior faculty and used the dyad model of mentoring (i.e., one mentor/one mentee). Frequently cited objectives of these programs were to improve scholarship, promotion, and retention of female faculty. Program evaluations were primarily survey-based, with participant-reported satisfaction being the most frequent measured outcome. Most results showed very high satisfaction. Gender concordance between mentor and mentee did not impact satisfaction. Eight articles reported objective outcomes, including publications, retention, and promotion, and each of these demonstrated an improvement after program implementation. DISCUSSION: Our review suggests that mentorship programs designed for women, regardless of the model, are met with high satisfaction and can help promote and retain women in academic medicine. No clear best practices for mentorship emerged in the literature. Institutions, therefore, can individualize their mentorship programs and models to available resources and goals. These results demonstrate the importance of more widespread implementation of mentorship programs to more effectively facilitate professional development and success of women in academic medicine.
- Subjects :
- Program evaluation
Faculty, Medical
media_common.quotation_subject
Best practice
education
PsycINFO
01 natural sciences
Job Satisfaction
Physicians, Women
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Mentorship
Promotion (rank)
Internal Medicine
Humans
Medicine
030212 general & internal medicine
0101 mathematics
media_common
Review Paper
Academic Medical Centers
Medical education
business.industry
010102 general mathematics
Professional development
Mentoring
Career Mobility
Systematic review
Female
business
Inclusion (education)
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 15251497 and 08848734
- Volume :
- 34
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of General Internal Medicine
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....2385eb5a0ea37e185c5c58625b25d25d